Assessment of mechanical properties of WaveOne Gold Primary reciprocating instruments

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate cyclic fatigue resistance and bending properties and torque/force generation of WaveOne Gold (WOG) Primary in comparison with WaveOne (WO) Primary and Reciproc (RE) R25. A cyclic fatigue test revealed that the WOG Primary took significantly longer time to fracture compared with the WO Primary (p<0.05). The WOG Primary had the smallest load values at a deflection of 0.5 and 2 mm (p<0.05), as measured with a cantilever bending test. Torque/force measurement demonstrated that maximum upward force and maximum counterclockwise torque values in the WOG Primary were significantly lower than those in the RE R25 (p<0.05). Under the present experimental condition, the WOG Primary showed a higher cyclic fatigue resistance compared with the WO Primary, a higher flexibility compared with the WO Primary and RE R25, and generated a significantly lower maximum torque compared with the RE R25.

Effect of Rotational Modes on Torque/Force Generation and Canal Centering Ability during Rotary Root Canal Instrumentation with Differently Heat-Treated Nickel–Titanium Instruments

“…The counterclockwise torque values were R240/120 > OTR > R150/30, indicating that a larger counterclockwise rotational angle is associated with a larger counterclockwise torque. PTG showed a smaller counterclockwise torque than PTU, in accordance with the finding that flexible instruments generate lower counterclockwise torque [ 24 ].…”

“…Therefore, the mechanical properties of NiTi rotary instruments are affected with or without heat treatment [ 19 , 20 ]. Many studies have shown improved cyclic fatigue resistance [ 10 , 19 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 ], increased flexibility [ 10 , 19 23 , 24 ], and improved shaping ability [ 11 ] following heat treatment. However, heat treatment is reported to reduce torsional resistance [ 10 , 20 ], and microhardness [ 20 , 23 ].…”

Differences in cyclic fatigue lifespan between two different heat treated NiTi endodontic rotary instruments: WaveOne Gold vs EdgeOne Fire

“…In this study, Firewire instruments resulted to be two times more resistant to cyclic fatigue when compared with identical instruments made with Gold treatment. This result could be due to the peculiar three-dimensional aspect of the cristalline matrix of the Fire-wire alloy which confers an higher flexibility and cyclic fatigue resistance to the instruments (34).…”

A critical analysis of research methods and experimental models to study the physical properties of NiTi instruments and their fracture characteristics

“…However, metallurgical properties of NiTi instruments are temperature dependent and with the introduction of thermomechanically treated instruments (Zupanc et al, 2018), the surrounding temperature during investigations of NiTi instruments has been shown to be of marked relevance in clinically relevant laboratory research (Bürklein et al, 2021; Gündogar et al, 2019). Some study designs therefore did not comply with the ISO specification and acknowledged this fact by performing bending tests at 37°C (Ebihara et al, 2011; Fangli et al, 2019; Hayashi et al, 2007; Hou et al, 2011). Mostly, these studies also varied other characteristics of the ISO‐defined test setting such as length of tested instrument, points of fixation and extent of bending (Table 3).…”