Assessment of metabolic profile in a clinical setting

Pervanidou, Panagiota; Kanaka‐Gantenbein, Christina; Chrousos, George P.

doi:10.1097/01.mco.0000241669.24923.8d

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…In addition, FGR is associated with increased risk of carbohydrate intolerance or type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, dyslipidemia, obesity, and cardiovascular disease in adulthood 31 . The clustering of these conditions is known as metabolic syndrome or dysmetabolic syndrome 32 …”

Section: Fetal Growth Restrictionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fetal Growth Restriction and Postnatal Development

Eleftheriades

Creatsas

Nicolaides

2006

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

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The interaction between genetic constitution and in utero environment determines fetal growth and development and influences the susceptibility to certain disorders in adulthood. Data from both animal and human studies indicate that prenatal and early postnatal malnutrition can program the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA axis), altering neuroendocrine response to stressors throughout lifetime. Impaired uteroplacental perfusion results in fetal growth restriction (FGR). In FGR there is evidence of chronic hypoxemia and alterations in metabolic, endocrine, and hematological parameters, compatible with starvation. Furthermore, FGR is associated with increased perinatal mortality and in the survivors there is increased susceptibility to diabetes and cardiovascular disease in adulthood. There is evidence that early postnatal growth acceleration, which would normally be considered desirable, may exacerbate metabolic dysfunction in later life.

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Section: Fetal Growth Restrictionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fetal Growth Restriction and Postnatal Development

Eleftheriades

Creatsas

Nicolaides

2006

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

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“…Similarly to adults, no general consensus exists regarding the definition of MetS in children and adolescents [132]. Furthermore, studies published so far have used their own set of variables, number of criteria (three or four) and different cut-off points to define risk factors associated with MetS.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic syndrome: definitions and controversies

Kassi

Pervanidou

Kaltsas

et al. 2011

BMC Med

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1,208

855

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Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a complex disorder defined by a cluster of interconnected factors that increase the risk of cardiovascular atherosclerotic diseases and diabetes mellitus type 2. Currently, several different definitions of MetS exist, causing substantial confusion as to whether they identify the same individuals or represent a surrogate of risk factors. Recently, a number of other factors besides those traditionally used to define MetS that are also linked to the syndrome have been identified. In this review, we critically consider existing definitions and evolving information, and conclude that there is still a need to develop uniform criteria to define MetS, so as to enable comparisons between different studies and to better identify patients at risk. As the application of the MetS model has not been fully validated in children and adolescents as yet, and because of its alarmingly increasing prevalence in this population, we suggest that diagnosis, prevention and treatment in this age group should better focus on established risk factors rather than the diagnosis of MetS.

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“…While there is a lack of consensus in specific clinical definitions of metabolic syndrome, prospective studies have shown it to be an important predictor of physical morbidity and mortality [ 22 - 25 ]. For example, in a comparison of four definitions based on guidelines from the World Health Organization (WHO) and the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP), metabolic syndrome was found to predict incidence and prevalence of diabetes mellitus in a prospective study [ 24 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%