Assessment of nutritional composition and heavy metal content in some edible mushroom varieties collected from different areas of Bangladesh

Abstract

Four edible mushroom species (Pleurotus ostreatus, Agaricus bisporus, Volvariella volvacea, Ganoderma lucidum) from different locations of Bangladesh, were analysed for their protein and metal content profile (K, Na, Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn, Cr, Pb, As and Cd). Trace metals were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometer, Na and K by flame emission spectrophotometer and protein by micro Kjeldhal method. All element concentrations were determined on a dry weight basis. The protein content of mushrooms varied from 13.8%–34.3% and the metal content of samples ranged from 0.54–2.25% for K and 12.6–81.6, 69.5–626.2, 39.2–163.4, 30.1–75.5, 52.9–104.5, 0.20–0.30, 0.13–0.59 ?g g-1 for Na, Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn, Cd, Pb, respectively. Arsenic and cadmium concentrations were below the detection limit of the method used. The detection limits of the method for As and Cd are 0.01 ?g g-1 for each element. In general, K and Fe content were higher than other metals in all mushroom species. The levels of Cu and Zn in some mushroom samples were found to be higher than legal limits.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. December 2015, 1(3): 495-501

Arsenic and Other Elemental Concentrations in Mushrooms from Bangladesh: Health Risks

“…The Cr concentrations of mushrooms in this study were much less than those in a previously-published database ( Table 2 ) on cultivated mushrooms except a study in Bangladesh [ 31 ]. The highest concentration of chromium (63.0 mg/kg, dw) was observed in Mexico [ 39 ] in P. ostreatus mushroom and the lowest (4.06 mg/kg, dw) was in A. bisporus in the same country ( Table 2 ).…”

“…The concentrations of Cu in this study (6.7–24.3 mg/kg, dw) were slightly higher than P. sajor-kaju , a cultivated mushroom of Turkey [ 41 ] but highest concentration was observed in Mexico [ 39 ]. However, P. ostreatus of another study in Bangladesh obtained higher Cu concentration [ 31 ] than the same one of this study. A. bisporus in Australia [ 40 ] and Hungary [ 42 ] contained about four times higher Cu than this investigation ( Table 2 ).…”

“…Amongst different cultivated mushrooms in different countries, total As concentration of this study were lower with an exception of Lentinula edodes in Spain ( Table 2 ). However, an investigation in Bangladesh found As in mushrooms below the detection level [ 31 ]. For dry mushrooms, the UK guideline value for As is 10.0 mg/kg [ 46 ] and the As concentration in the mushroom samples both from cultivated and market basket were within the safe limit according to the guideline value ( Figure 1 ).…”

“…The Cd concentrations of mushrooms in this study were very low (below 1.0 mg/kg, dw). However, undetectable level of Cd was found in mushroom in a study in Bangladesh [ 31 ]. Our results were in agreement with the study conducted in Mexico [ 39 ], Brazil [ 36 ], and Australia [ 40 ], with the only exception in Mexico [ 39 ] for P. ostreatus mushroom ( Table 2 ).…”

Substrate Types Effect on Nutritional Composition of Button Mushroom (Agaricus Bisporus)

“…It was observed that the lowest and highest mushroom protein contents were obtained respectively with the substrates with lowest (hors-ban: 0-100 with 1.6% N) and highest (hors-chic: 0-100 with 2.3% N) nitrogen contents. Even with the same species, values obtained values of protein content were lower than those reported by Sadiq et al (2008): 11.01 %, Muszyńska et al (2011): 25%, Mohiuddin et al (2015): 17.7%-24.7% and Ahlavat et al (2016): 29.14 % in different growing substrates, while they were in the range indicated by Chang and Miles (2004): 3.5 to 4%.…”