Assessment of prevention and treatment programs efficiency for oncological diseases (on the example of the central Ukraine regions)

Abstract

Annotation. Oncology remains a global problem for humanity. International efforts to overcome it aim at implementing programs for prevention and early detection of neoplasms. The article is devoted to the study and analysis of the results of the implementation of programs to fight oncological diseases in Ukraine in the period until 2022. We have performed a one-time exploratory and descriptive research by the means of processing the materials of state and targeted regional programs to fight oncological diseases, which were implemented in the regions of the center of the Ukraine (Dnipropetrovsk, Kirovohrad, Poltava, Vinnytsia, Cherkasy regions), and we have assessed the level of their funding and implementation results. The study was conducted on the basis of information provided by the Health Departments of regional state administrations in 2021, as well as data obtained from the websites of these Health Departments. Statistical methods (analysis of relative values, calculation of absolute growth rate), structural-logical analysis and systematic approach were used. The research established that the implementation of programs for the prevention and control of oncological diseases made it possible to achieve positive dynamics of the main indicators of providing oncological care to the population (decrease in the one-year mortality rate, decrease in the neglect rate, increase in the percentage of patients covered by special treatment). However, against the background of positive trends, the level of funding programs in the field of cancer prevention remains insufficient. According to the findings of our research, certain gaps in oncology programs were revealed, namely: insufficient attention to the development of palliative medical care for cancer patients and problems of oncology in children. The obtained data serve as the basis for the development of measures to improve the work of the oncology service in Ukraine.