Assessment of Reproductive Traits of Different Androgenic Pepper Lines (Capsicum annuum L.)

Abstract

The biology of pepper growth and development is strongly dependent on complex influence of environmental abiotic factors as light, temperature, air humidity and soil moisture. The presence and length of different pepper phenophases are variety characteristics, which they expressed as result of the development in specific agroecological conditions. In this study the vegetation period as earliness indicator of seven androgenic pepper lines derived from 3 different sweet pepper varieties was studied during four years experiment under greenhouse conditions. The studied androgenic pepper lines KK1 and KK2 were derived via androgenesis from the sweet pepper variety Kurtovska kapia (KKk), P3 and P4 from the variety Piran (Pk) and F5, F6 and F7 derived from the variety Feherozon (Fk). The length of the vegetation period of the seven androgenic lines was compared to the vegetation period of their parental genotypes, respectively. Based on estimated length of vegetation period the androgenic lines were grouped in two groups as early ripening pepper androgenic lines and late ripening pepper androgenic lines. Alongside, there is a significant and positive association of days to flowering and days to fruiting with days to horticultural and physiological fruit maturity.

Length of Vegetation Period and Fruit Set in Pepper Grown on Different Types of Mulch

“…Number of flowers and number of fertilized flowersArancon et al, 2004 found that the number of flowers of peppers grown in potting mixtures containing 10-80% vermicompost although greater did not differ significantly from those of peppers grown in MM360, whereas the pepper plants grown in the 80% vermicompost/20% MM360 had most flowers (8.6). In the Kapija pepper type, the average number of 7.56 flowers per plant for KK1 genotype was significantly lower than the flower number of KK2 (16.47 flowers) and control Kurtovska Kapija (14.43 flowers) however the mean number of fertilized flowers was 3.79 (KK2), 5.60 (KK1) and 5.21 (control Kurtovska Kapija)(Trajkova & Koleva Gudeva, 2017. In other research concerning bell pepper production in protected houses in India, the highest number of flowers (31.73) was obtained on black foil among other factors(Kumar & Verma, 2009) Tomar et al, 2018. found that tomato grown with bio-mulch produces the maximum number of flowers/inflorescence and number of inflorescence per plant.…”

“…But in production, depending on the type of purpose the pepper is grown for, the term 'earliness' is used to describe the number of days from sprouting to the technological or botanical maturity (Bogevska et al, 2017). For crop improvement purposes selection for the traits, days to flowering, and days to fruiting will contribute to pepper earliness, thus it will increase the economic value of Kapija type genotypes (Trajkova & Koleva Gudeva, 2017). At an earlier time, Lamont, 1993 resumed that the use of plastic mulches shorten the vegetation period (7 to 14 days) and increased yields (two to three times) over bare soil in many vegetable crops.…”