Assessment of salinity tolerance based upon morpho-physiological attributes in white jute (Corchorus capsularis L.)

Abstract

A study was conducted to evaluate the salinity tolerance of white jute (C. capsularis) cultivars. Five white jute cultivars were assessed for different salinity concentrations (0, 100, 150, 200 and 250 mM NaCl) in a split plot design with three replications per concentration under greenhouse condition. A total of fifteen plants were sampled from each treatment ten days after treatment with NaCl to determine morphological and physiological parameters. I n c r e a s e d N a C l concentrations reduced all the morphological and physiological parameters such as plant height, root length, number of leaves, leaf area, shoot and root dry weight, relative leaf water content (RLWC), chlorophyll, protein, proline content, + K accumulation in shoot and leaves, but water saturation deficit (WSD) + and Na contents were increased in the shoot and leaves. The study revealed that among all cultivars assessed JRC-532 and JRC-321 showed relatively better performance against salt stress whereas cultivar JRC-517 was found more susceptible to salt stress.

Biochar and Chitosan Regulate Antioxidant Defense and Methylglyoxal Detoxification Systems and Enhance Salt Tolerance in Jute (Corchorus olitorius L.)

“…Chlorophyll, which is responsible for net photosynthesis activity, also declines in level during salt stress, causing lower photosynthetic assimilate production and biomass accumulation by salt-stressed plants [ 43 ]. In the present study, growth in terms of length, FW, and DW of both roots and shoots, as well as in stem diameter, were decreased in the salt-stressed jute plants, in agreement with previous findings by Naik et al [ 44 ] and Rahman et al [ 45 ]. However, BC and CHT applications helped to mitigate the salt stress effects and improved jute plant growth.…”

Jute Responses and Tolerance to Abiotic Stress: Mechanisms and Approaches

“…Shoot and root length reduced with the increase in NaCl levels. In another experiment, Naik et al [6] exposed five C. capsularis genotypes in different levels of NaCl (100, 150, 200, and 250 mM NaCl) and the observed highest reduction in shoot length (50%), root length (40%), number of leaves (>70%), and RWC (39%) in the JRC-517 variety at 250 mM NaCl. A contrasting association was also observed between photosynthetic pigments and the salt level, which provoked a reduction in Chl pigments.…”

“…Though several articles have been published related to morphological, physiological, and biochemical responses of jute, only a few reports have discussed the fiber quality under stressed conditions [30,60,61]. Abiotic stress is responsible for the reduction in reed length, fiber color, the fiber elongation rate, and fiber breaking strength, and ultimately it reduces the marketability of the fibers [6,8].…”

“…Upon exposure to salinity stress (0, 100, 150, and 250 mM NaCl), K + was decreased significantly in the leaves and shoots of all tested cultivars of C. capsularis (JRC-698, JBC-5, JRC-532, JRC-321, and JRC-517) compared to the control. Decreasing K + ion in plants reduced the fiber quality, as K content is considered as a vital quality element for fiber [6].…”

“…In recent years, a fluctuation in temperature and rainfall has been seen, and as a result the production of jute is decreasing [5]. Salt stress negatively affects jute growth and physiological parameters, which subsequently reduces yield quality [6]. Drought reduces germination as well as seedling characteristics, which has a caused 20 to 30% loss of fiber yield and decreased fiber quality [7,8].…”