The aim of this study was to find out how palliative care is organised between the Helsinki University Central Hospital (University Hospital) and primary care. The study consisted of 102 patients whose oncological treatment was terminated and the responsibility of palliative care was transferred to primary care. The patients were interviewed by phone using a structured questionnaire. Another questionnaire form was sent to the primary care physicians. Half of the patients were treated in more than one primary care unit. One third of the outpatients were unaware who was responsible for the care. Most of the patients wanted to be at home but this was achieved in less than half of the cases. Most patients were symptomatic while leaving the University Hospital and no improvement was seen thereafter. Every third patient reported of poor quality of palliative care in the primary care. Also the physicians reported a need for training in palliative care.Palliative medicine refers to the management of patients with an active, far-advanced disease the prognosis of which is limited and the focus of care is in the quality of life [1]. The World Health Organization (WHO) has defined palliative care as being the active total care of patients whose disease is not responsive to curative treatment [2].The treatment of cancer pain has achieved much attention during the last decades. It has been one of the areas of interest for WHO. In Finland treatment strategies of cancer pain were studied in 1985, 1990 and in 1995 [3Á/5]. Between these studies significant improvement in cancer pain management took place. However, the doses of analgesics used were still lower than those generally recommended and more than one third of the physicians were not familiar with the WHO analgesic ladder [5]. Symptoms that impair the quality of life of cancer patients are still underestimated [6] with significant differences in the ratings of the symptoms between the physician and the patient [7,8].Approximately 10 000 cancer patients die annually, but there are only a few specialised palliative care units in Finland. The Finish health care system is based on a strong primary health care organisation. University hospitals have had a general trend to reduce treatment periods in hospitals and to transfer the palliative care of the cancer patients from the specialists to GPs. The GPs treat cancer patients in outpatient clinics, inpatient wards and home-hospitals of the health centres, in home care teams and in acute hospitals. In addition, there are hospices maintained by private foundations in Finland. For the palliative care outpatients only the hospices and the home-hospitals provide help with symptom control around-the-clock and seven days a week. The other outpatients in palliative care can use the general public primary health care services, among others the emergency units. The patients in primary care can be referred back to the University Hospital only in very specific problems, for example if palliative radiotherapy or invasive methods of...