Assessment of Serum Cystatin C Levels in Newly Diagnosed Acute Myocardial Infarction at the Onset and at the Time of Hospital Discharge

Abstract

BackgroundCystatin C (Cys-C) is a marker of renal damage. Higher serum levels of Cys-C were observed in cardiovascular disease. This study aimed to test the null hypothesis that Cys-C levels in newly diagnosed acute myocardial infarction (AMI) may remain high in the survival and the impact of the cardiometabolic risk factors is small.MethodsForty patients with AMI are enrolled in this study. The cardiometabolic factors including the anthropometric measurements, blood pressure and lipid profile were determined. The diagnosis of AMI is based on the electrocardiograph, cardiac enzymes and positive troponin-c (cTn) test. Quantitative determination of serum high sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and Cys-C was carried out, at the time of admission and at the time of the discharge, using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique.ResultsSerum Cys-C levels significantly increased at the time of the admission (1,296 ± 431.8 ng/mL) and at the time of the discharge (1,244.6 ± 482 ng/mL) compared with the reference levels (0.7 ± 0.2 ng/mL) of the healthy subjects. Non-significant differences were found between Cys-C levels in respect to the presence or absence of the cardiometabolic risk factors at the times of admission and discharge. Significant decrease of Cys-C levels was found in patients who have negative cTn at the time of discharge compared with corresponding levels at the time of admission.ConclusionsWe conclude that AMI patients have significant high serum levels of Cys-C at the time of admission and the levels significantly decreased in patients with negative cTn test within few days indicating an association between infarct size and the levels of Cys-C.

Combination of serum matrix metalloproteinase-3 activity and EBV antibodies improves the diagnostic performance of nasopharyngeal carcinoma

“…Those studies suggested that MMP3 enzymatic activity may be more valuable for diagnosis NPC than the protein concentration. Currently, the measurement of enzyme activity in serum/plasma has been employed widely in clinical diagnosis [18][19][20]. However, most of the research focus on the study of MMP3 concentration due to the convenient methods for the quantification of protein concentration by ELISA.…”

“…Currently, the measurement of enzyme activity in serum/plasma has been employed widely in clinical diagnosis 18 - 20 . However, most of the research focus on the study of MMP3 concentration due to the convenient methods for the quantification of protein concentration by ELISA.…”

High cystatin C levels predict long‐term mortality in patients with ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction undergoing late percutaneous coronary intervention: A retrospective study

“…Therefore, high‐circulation cys C may be associated with a strong cardiac inflammatory response, contributing to the development of no‐reflow and the increased risk of death. Second, high cys C levels are highly sensitive markers for mild renal dysfunction . Mild renal dysfunction is associated with microvascular endothelial dysfunction, which may result in poor myocardial perfusion and clinical outcomes …”

“…Cys C, produced by all cells with a nucleus, is excreted into blood and freely filtered by the glomerular . Cys C is also released from myocardial cells and hypoxia increases its production .…”

The Relevance of Serum Cystatin C Level of Different Classification of Atrial Fibrillation

“…High Cys-C level is a highly sensitive marker of mild renal insufficiency. Mild renal insufficiency is associated with microvascular endothelial insufficiency [25]. High Cys-C level may lead to microvascular endothelial insufficiency, activate RAAS system, accumulate extracellular matrix, accelerate atrial fibrosis, and activation of RAAS system may also lead to renal function damaged.…”