Assessment of Serum Prostate Specific Antigen, Some Renal Indices and Uric Acid Levels in Subjects with Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia at Lokoja, Nigeria

Abstract

between signs and symptoms of BPH and RI in their population-based sample of 467 white men [9]: there was a significant association between RI and BPH. Studies in Africa have shown that countries like Ghana, Nigeria, and Cameroon have similar prevalence of 25% of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia in kidney disease [10]. In the United State of America, 13.6% of men with BPH have been reported to have chronic renal failure [11]. The impact of BPH and renal impairment on health should not be underestimated as it accounts for about 10% of hospital admission in Nigeria [6]. The most successful approach to detect BPH is the use of percent fPSA= fPSA × 100/tPSA, where f=free and t=total AbstractBackground: Prostate disorders (prostatitis, BPH and Pca) can contribute to renal impairment. Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and renal impairment (RI) such as chronic kidney disease are important public health problems in older men. The present study aimed to assess serum levels of prostate specific antigen, urea, creatinine, protein and uric acids in subjects with BPH at Federal Medical Center, Lokoja, Kogi State, Nigeria. A population-based sample of one hundred and ten (110) men aged (51-70) years were conveniently recruited and divided into three groups designation A= BPH with RI, (n=35) B=BPH without RI, (n=35) and C=Control, (n=40).Methods: Blood samples were collected from all the participants and serum separated and stored at -20˚C until analyzed for prostate specific antigen using Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) and colorimetric assay method for creatinine, urea, protein and uric acid. Data were analyzed using SPSS software application (version 17.0). Pearson correlation and Receiving Operating Characteristics of the groups were done. Results:The result showed that urea and creatinine levels were significantly higher in BPH subjects with or without renal impairment when compared with controls (p<0.05 respectively). Similarly, total prostate specific antigen (tPSA), free prostate specific antigen (fPSA), complex prostate specific antigen (cPSA) and percent free prostate specific antigen (%fPSA) were significantly higher in BPH subjects with or without RI when compared with controls (p<0.05 respectively). Urea, creatinine and uric acid were significantly higher while total protein was significantly lower in BPH with RI when compared with BPH without RI (p<0.05 respectively). Conclusion:The significantly higher urea, creatinine and uric acid levels in BPH subjects showed that BPH subjects with RI may have decrease excretion and accumulation of uric acid by the kidney suggesting possible risk of progression to CKD while BPH subjects without RI tends to be more prone to developing renal dysfunction. The significant correlation between %fPSA, creatinine and urea shows an association between BPH and renal diseases. Using receiving operating characteristic (ROC) curves to assess diagnostic performance of various parameters in various groups for the prediction of BPH with or without renal disease, there was evidence tha...