between signs and symptoms of BPH and RI in their population-based sample of 467 white men [9]: there was a significant association between RI and BPH. Studies in Africa have shown that countries like Ghana, Nigeria, and Cameroon have similar prevalence of 25% of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia in kidney disease [10]. In the United State of America, 13.6% of men with BPH have been reported to have chronic renal failure [11]. The impact of BPH and renal impairment on health should not be underestimated as it accounts for about 10% of hospital admission in Nigeria [6]. The most successful approach to detect BPH is the use of percent fPSA= fPSA × 100/tPSA, where f=free and t=total AbstractBackground: Prostate disorders (prostatitis, BPH and Pca) can contribute to renal impairment. Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and renal impairment (RI) such as chronic kidney disease are important public health problems in older men. The present study aimed to assess serum levels of prostate specific antigen, urea, creatinine, protein and uric acids in subjects with BPH at Federal Medical Center, Lokoja, Kogi State, Nigeria. A population-based sample of one hundred and ten (110) men aged (51-70) years were conveniently recruited and divided into three groups designation A= BPH with RI, (n=35) B=BPH without RI, (n=35) and C=Control, (n=40).Methods: Blood samples were collected from all the participants and serum separated and stored at -20˚C until analyzed for prostate specific antigen using Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) and colorimetric assay method for creatinine, urea, protein and uric acid. Data were analyzed using SPSS software application (version 17.0). Pearson correlation and Receiving Operating Characteristics of the groups were done. Results:The result showed that urea and creatinine levels were significantly higher in BPH subjects with or without renal impairment when compared with controls (p<0.05 respectively). Similarly, total prostate specific antigen (tPSA), free prostate specific antigen (fPSA), complex prostate specific antigen (cPSA) and percent free prostate specific antigen (%fPSA) were significantly higher in BPH subjects with or without RI when compared with controls (p<0.05 respectively). Urea, creatinine and uric acid were significantly higher while total protein was significantly lower in BPH with RI when compared with BPH without RI (p<0.05 respectively). Conclusion:The significantly higher urea, creatinine and uric acid levels in BPH subjects showed that BPH subjects with RI may have decrease excretion and accumulation of uric acid by the kidney suggesting possible risk of progression to CKD while BPH subjects without RI tends to be more prone to developing renal dysfunction. The significant correlation between %fPSA, creatinine and urea shows an association between BPH and renal diseases. Using receiving operating characteristic (ROC) curves to assess diagnostic performance of various parameters in various groups for the prediction of BPH with or without renal disease, there was evidence tha...

Aims & objectives: Due to other chronic diseases that are associated with hypertension and kidney disease, little or no attention has been paid to the existence of polycystic kidney disease in Nigeria. The present study aimed at assessing the prevalence of some risk factors of ADPKD among hypertensive adult patients in NAUTH, Nnewi, Anambra State, Nigeria Study design: A cross-sectional and prospective study Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out at Medical out-patient, cardiology and nephrology units of NAUTH Nnewi between February and June, 2019. Methodology: A total of 160(80 newly diagnosed hypertensive and 80 normotensive subjects) aged between 25-75 years were randomly selected. Estimation of serum electrolytes, urea, creatinine, total calcium, eGFR and total protein, BMI and waist-hip ratio of the subjects were taken were done using standard laboratory methods. Results: 12.5% of the hypertensive subjects have undergone dialysis, 7.5% had kidney transplant, 13.8% had hematuria, 20% had proteinuria, 27.5% had recurrent kidney infection, 15% had kidney stone, 43.8% experienced abdominal/side pain, 20% have had abdominal hernias and 46.3% had elevated urea/creatinine. Mean values of age, BMI and WHR were significantly higher in hypertensive than control subjects (p =.05). Similarly, serum creatinine, urea, sodium and chloride were significantly higher with lower eGFR in hypertensive when compared with control group (p =.05). eGFR in female was significantly lower compared with male hypertensive (p = .05). The mean SBP and DBP were significantly higher in hypertensive compared with control group (p = .05). Conclusion: 30% of the hypertensive subjects had multiple signs and symptoms of ADPKD, suggesting evidence of high prevalence of ADPKD in the hypertensive patients. Routine screening of family members with hypertension and symptomatic cases of hypertension using ultrasound imaging is strongly recommended for confirmation of presence PKD.

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