Assessment of somaclonal variation in indirect morphogenesis-derived plants of Arracacia xanthorrhiza

Abstract

How to cite VITAMVAS, J.; VIEHMANNOVA, I.; CEPKOVA, P.H.; MRHALOVA, H.; ELIASOVA, K. Assessment of somaclonal variation in indirect morphogenesis-derived plants of Arracacia xanthorrhiza. Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira, v.54, e00301, 2019.Abstract -The objective of this work was to induce and detect somaclonal variation in arracacha (Arracacia xanthorrhiza) plants regenerated via indirect morphogenesis, in order to evaluate the potential of this technique to produce new genotypes for breeding purposes of this crop. Calli were induced from petiole segments on Murashige & Skoog (MS) medium supplied with 0.1 mg L -1 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid. The regeneration of plants via indirect morphogenesis was carried out on half-strength MS medium without plant growth regulators. Fifteen randomly chosen plants were subjected to flow cytometry and "inter-simple sequence repeat" (ISSR) analysis. Ploidy level remained stable in all tested regenerants (2n=4x=44), with no changes in the genome. Eighteen ISSR primers produced a total of 1,584 fragments in all samples. Two ISSR primers produced four polymorphic fragments in 26.7% of the tested samples. Somaclonal variation in arracacha is a result of plant regeneration via indirect morphogenesis and can be detected by ISSR markers.Index terms: arracacha, ISSR, plant breeding, ploidy level, somatic embryogenesis. Avaliação de variação somaclonal em plantas derivadas de Arracacia xanthorrhiza por morfogênese indiretaResumo -O objetivo deste trabalho foi induzir e detectar a variação somaclonal em plantas de batata-baroa (Arracacia xanthorrhiza) regeneradas por morfogênese indireta, para avaliar o potencial dessa técnica em produzir novos genótipos para o melhoramento dessa cultura. Calos foram induzidos em segmentos de pecíolos no meio de Murashige & Skoog (MS) suplementado com 0,1 mg L -1 de ácido 2,4-diclorofenoxiacético. A regeneração de plantas pela morfogênese indireta foi realizada em meio de cultura MS meia-força, sem reguladores de crescimento de plantas. Quinze plantas escolhidas aleatoriamente foram submetidas à citometria de fluxo e à análise entre sequências simples repetidas (ISSR). O nível de ploidia manteve-se estável em todas as plantas regeneradas (2n=4x=44), sem mudanças no genoma. Dezoito iniciadores ISSR produziram um total de 1.584 fragmentos em todas as amostras. Dois iniciadores ISSR produziram quatro fragmentos polimórficos em 26,7% das amostras testadas. A variação somaclonal entre plantas de batata-baroa é resultante da regeneração de plantas pela morfogênese indireta e pode ser detectada por meio de marcadores ISSR.Termos para indexação: batata-baroa, ISSR, melhoramento de plantas, nível de ploidia, embriogênese somática.

Nuclear DNA content as an indicator of inflorescence colour stability of in vitro propagated solid and chimera mutants of chrysanthemum

“…Cytokinins and auxins are routinely applied during micropropagation of plants to increase propagation rate and to improve the production efficiency (Kereša et al 2012;Kulus 2020). Unfortunately, callus formation and indirect regeneration of adventitious shoots in the presence of PGRs, especially cytokinins, may cause some perturbation in the stability of the resultant plants (Krishna et al 2016;Vitamvas et al 2019). To examine if PGRs influence nuclear DNA content of in vitro produced plants, two types of media were used, medium A (PGR-free) and medium B (supplemented with BA and IAA).…”

Growth Regulation and Validation of Homogeneity in In Vitro-Derived Bleeding Heart by Molecular Markers and Spectral Analysis of Pigments

“…Somaclonal variation was found and sometimes even utilized in the creation of new cultivars of chrysanthemum (Miler and Zalewska 2014), sugarcane (Francischini et al 2017), and many other plant species (Krishna et al 2016). However, not often such a high polymorphic ratio can be found (Karp 1995;Vitamvas et al 2019). The obtained results underline the susceptibility of bleeding heart to the action of DNA-affecting agents.…”

New Insights Into Tissue Culture Plant-Regeneration Mechanisms

“…Somatic embryogenesis leads to embryogenic callus with totipotency and subsequent development into a somatic embryo, whereas de novo organogenesis induces non-embryogenic callus with pluripotency ( Yumbla-Orbes et al, 2017 ; Shin and Seo, 2018 ; Fehér, 2019 ). Moreover, indirect de novo organogenesis can result in genetic instability and somaclonal variance similar to somatic embryogenesis ( Vitamvas et al, 2019 ). Organ production directly from explants is a time-saving method but unsuitable for transgenic research due to the production of chimeric shoots containing both transformed and untransformed cells ( Firoozabady and Moy, 2004 ).…”