Assessment of storm events along the Algiers coast and their potential impacts

Amarouche, Khalid; Akpınar, Adem; Çakmak, Recep Emre; Houma, Fouzia; Bachari, Nour El Islam

doi:10.1016/j.oceaneng.2020.107432

Cited by 27 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…In general, by comparing the areas characterized by a significant increasing trend of SWH_Max for all four seasons compared to areas observed on the annual SWH_Max trend, we observed that a significant area of the WMed Sea characterized by a significant increasing trend on a seasonal scale had not been considered as such in the annual scale trend results, including the Algiers coast where an increase of storm events was reported in (Amarouche et al 2020b) as only a Max value SWH was considered each year during the annual trend analysis of SWH max. These annual values can be obtained in different seasons and different months during the years and cannot reflect increases or decreases in storm events and intensities.…”

Section: 2wind and Wave Trendsmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…In the present study, the changes in wave climates observed during more than 41 years in the WMed Sea were evaluated by analyzing the trends of mean and Max SWH and WS and by locating the area that experienced new records of extreme SWH during the last decade. This study is motivated by the outstanding storms observed in 2018, and (storm Adrian and storm Gloria), which caused enormous damage in the European coasts, and also by the increase in the intensity and number of storms on the coasts of Algiers (Amarouche et al 2020b), in addition to the influence of global climate change on the Mediterranean Sea pointed out by several researchers (Adloff et al 2015).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Currently, the remarkable climate changes that the globe has observed in recent decades (Stott et al 2010;Romera et al 2017;Cramer et al 2018), with the increase in SWH and WS (Dobrynin et al 2012;Young and Ribal 2019a;Meucci et al 2020), an increase in storm intensity (Sobel and Tippett 2018;Kossin et al 2020;Emanuel 2020) and storm surges (Cid et al 2016;Adam et al 2020), leading to increased impacts of coastal storms (Johnson et al 2015;Hoshino et al 2016;Amarouche et al 2020b) have led the scientific community to focus on trends in these changes that may be responsible for many socio-economic damages, mainly in some vulnerable regions. Nevertheless, the non-linearity of climate variations makes the estimation of its evolution very difficult and requires continuous monitoring.…”

Section: Trend Analysis Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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New Wind-Wave Climate Records in the Western Mediterranean Sea

Amarouche

Bingölbali

Akpınar

2021

Preprint

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This study presents a detailed analysis of changes in wind and wave climate in the Western Mediterranean Sea (WMed), based on 41 years of accurate wind and wave hindcasts. The purpose of this research is to assess the magnitude of recent changes in wave climate and to locate the coastal areas most affected by these changes. Starting from the Theil-Sen slope estimator and the Mann Kendall test, trends in mean and Max significant wave heights (SWH) and wind speed (WS) are analyzed simultaneously on seasonal and annual scales. Thus, the new wave records observed since 2010 have been located spatially and temporally using a simple spatial analysis method, while the increases in maximum wave heights over the last decade have been estimated and mapped. This work was motivated by evidence pointed out by several authors concerning the influence of global climate change on the local climate in the Mediterranean Sea and by the increase in the number and intensity of wave storm events over recent years. Several exceptional storms have recently been observed along the Mediterranean coasts, including storm Adrian in 2018 and storm Gloria in 2020, which resulted in enormous damage along the French and Spanish coasts. The results of the present study reflect a worrying situation in a large part of the WMed coasts. Most of the WMed basin experiences a significant increasing trend in the annual Max of SWH and WS with evident inter-seasonal variability that underlines the importance of multi-scale analysis to assess wind and wave trends. Since 2013, about half of the WMed coastline has experienced records in wave climate, not recorded at least since 1979, and several areas have experienced three successive records. Several WMed coasts are experiencing a worrying evolution of the wave climate, which requires a serious mobilization to prevent probable catastrophic wave storms and ensure sustainable and economic development.

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Section: 2wind and Wave Trendsmentioning

confidence: 84%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Trend Analysis Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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New Wind-Wave Climate Records in the Western Mediterranean Sea

Amarouche

Bingölbali

Akpınar

2021

Preprint

Self Cite

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“…The use of SWAN allows for higher fidelity simulation near shallow water, where oceanic models often use approximation for shallow water dynamics, thus allowing for properly accounting for the large depth variations the regional bathymetry is characterized by (see Figure 2). Using a neashore model driven by validated boundaries takes advantage of faster computation time and higher shallow water accuracy with similar model chains [37][38][39][40]. Our boundary conditions are extracted by a validated and calibrated model, and considering the small fetch, validity of the underlying data benefits by the shallow water source terms of SWAN.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blue Growth Development in the Mediterranean Sea: Quantifying the Benefits of an Integrated Wave Energy Converter at Genoa Harbour

2020

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Coastal resilience is often achieved by traditional civil engineering projects, such as dikes and breakwaters. However, given the pressing nature of Climate Change, integrating energy converters in “classical” structures can enhance innovation, and help in pursuing decarbonisation targets. In this work, we present an alternative for integrating a wave energy converter at a vertical wall breakwater, following past successful projects. Our approach is based on a high spatio-temporal wave dataset to properly quantify expected energy production, but also focus on the hours for which other time-dependent renewables cannot produce, i.e., solar. Our analysis evaluates the power performance and assesses the economic parameters and viability of the proposed installation. Our integrated solution shares the main capital with the breakwater and can produce from 390 MWh–2300 MWh/year, displacing more than 1760 Tn of CO2 annually. In addition to power generated, we estimated the payback period for most cases being approximately 10–15 years, but when accounting avoided oil CO2 emissions, the installation is highly attractive with payback in less than 9 years, with favourable financing indicating 3.4 years.

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“…In order to characterize the potential erosion and destruction of these events, the maximum storm power index (SPI max ) of [22], i.e., the energy content for the storm and the maximum wave energy (E) were calculated. The SPI index (either SPI max ) is applied for evaluating the impacts of storms in coastal zones and their causality [20,[23][24][25]. As the integrated and maximum power index are almost linearly proportional [24], SPI max was used for simplicity as follows:…”

Section: Regionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Use of News Information Published in Newspapers to Estimate the Impact of Coastal Storms at a Regional Scale

Sancho-García

Guillén

Gràcia

et al. 2021

JMSE

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The evaluation of coastal damage caused by storms is not straightforward and different approaches can be applied. In this study, damage caused by extreme storms is evaluated at a regional scale based on news information published in regional newspapers. The data derived from the news are compared with hydrodynamic parameters to check the reliability of this methodology as a preliminary” fast approach” to evaluate storm damage and to identify hotspots along the coast. This methodology was applied to the two most extreme storms ever recorded along the Spanish Mediterranean coast, which occurred in January 2017 and January 2020, severely impacting the coast and causing significant community concerns. The news information from different media sources was processed and weighted to describe the resulting erosion, inundation, sand accumulation, and destruction of infrastructures. Moreover, an accuracy index for scoring the quality of the information was proposed. In spite of some limitations of the method, the resulting regional coastal hazard landscape of damage provides a rapid overview of the intensity and distribution of the damage and enables one to identify the location of potential hotspots for the analyzed extreme storm events. The results show that estimated damage intensity is better related to maximum wave energy than cumulative wave energy during a storm, and that beach characteristics should also be included for understanding the distribution of coastal damage.

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Assessment of storm events along the Algiers coast and their potential impacts

Cited by 27 publications

References 58 publications

New Wind-Wave Climate Records in the Western Mediterranean Sea

New Wind-Wave Climate Records in the Western Mediterranean Sea

Blue Growth Development in the Mediterranean Sea: Quantifying the Benefits of an Integrated Wave Energy Converter at Genoa Harbour

The Use of News Information Published in Newspapers to Estimate the Impact of Coastal Storms at a Regional Scale

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