Assessment of Subclinical Atherosclerosis by Carotid Intima–Media Thickness and Epicardial Adipose Tissue Thickness in Prediabetes

Altın, Cihan; Sade, Leyla Elif; Gezmiş, Esin; Ozen, Necmi; Duzceker, Ozkan; Bozbaş, Hüseyin; Eroğlu, Serpil; Müderrisoğlu, Haldun

doi:10.1177/0003319716643669

Cited by 25 publications

(25 citation statements)

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“…With increasing EAT-thickness proinfl ammatory cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8, angiotensin-II, plasma activator inhibitor and free fat acids increase and secretion of cardioprotective cytokines like adiponectin declines (8). A strong correlation between EAT and cIMT has been shown (37,38). The EAT thickness was found to be 0-13.6 mm in the normal population in autopsy series (39).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Helicobacter pylori can be related to carotid intima-media thickness, epicardial adipose tissue thickness and serum neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) levels

Karadağ¹,

Sehitoglu²,

Cüre³

et al. 2018

BLL

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Helicobacter pylori can be related to carotid intima-media thickness, epicardial adipose tissue thickness and serum neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) levels

Karadağ¹,

Sehitoglu²,

Cüre³

et al. 2018

BLL

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“…In various rheumatologic diseases, primarily, SLE and cIMT measurement is used as an indicator for the evaluation of subclinical atherosclerosis, coronary artery disease, the progression of these diseases, and risk determination [21][22][23].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma Atherogenic Index is an Independent Indicator of Subclinical Atherosclerosis in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

et al. 2017

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Objective: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is characterized by chronic inflammation. Plasma atherogenic index (PAI) is a valuable marker for the cardiovascular disease and cardiac risk. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role and clinical use of PAI in atherosclerosis and the cardiac risk in SLE patients. Materials and Methods:We included 56 female SLE patients who were selected according to the American College of Rheumatology (1997) diagnosis criteria. Furthermore, we selected age-and body mass index (BMI)-matched 56 female healthy individuals. PAI was measured as a logarithmic value of triglyceride to high-density cholesterol ratio. We used carotid intima media thickness (cIMT) as an inflammatory marker because of its widespread use. The lipid and other biochemical parameters of patient and control groups were examined.Results: The PAI and cIMT values of SLE patients were 0.04±0.23 and 0.78±0.18 mm, respectively. Besides, for the control group, the PAI value was −0.09±0.20 and cIMT value was 0.50±0.15 mm (p=0.002, p<0.001; respectively). There was a strong correlation between cIMT and PAI (r=0.273, p=0.003). According to the multiple logistic regression analysis, we found that PAI value is an independent factor for cIMT in SLE patients (odds ratio: 2.6, 95 % confidence interval; 1.506-4.374; p=0.029). Conclusions:We determined that PAI can be used as an independent indicator for subclinical atherosclerosis in SLE patients.Keywords: Plasma atherogenic index, carotid intima-media thickness, systemic lupus erythematosus, atherosclerosis ÖZ Amaç: Sistemik lupus eritematozus (SLE), kronik inflamasyon ile karakterize bir hastalıktır. Plazma aterojenik indeks (PAI), kardiyovasküler hastalık ve kardiyak risk için değerli bir belirteçtir. Bu çalışmanın amacı PAI'in SLE hastalarında aterosklerozu ve kardiyak riski değerlendirmekteki rolü ve klinik kullanılabilirliliğini araştırmaktır.Gereç ve Yöntem: Amerikan Romatoloji Koleji (1997) tanı kriterlerine göre değerlendirilen 56 kadın SLE hastası dahil edildi. Ayrıca yaş ve vucüt kitle indeksi uyumlu 56 kadın sağlıklı kişi seçildi. PAI, trigliserit'in yüksek yoğunluklu kolesterole oranı logartimik ölçümüdür. Karotis intima medya kalınlığı (KIMK) inflamatuvar belirteç olarak yaygın olarak kullanıldığından, bu işareti bu çalışmada kullandık. Hasta ve kontrol gruplarının lipid ve diğer biyokimyasal parametreleri incelendi.Bulgular: Hasta grubunda PAI 0,04±0,23, KIMK 0,78±0,18 mm, kontrol grubunda PAI -0,09±0,20, KIMK 0,50±0,15 mm olduğu tespit edildi. Hasta grubunda PAI ve KIMK'ın kontrol grubuna kıyasla yüksek olduğu görüldü (sırasıyla p=0,002, p<0,001). SLE hastaları içerisine KIMK ile PAI arasında pozitif korelasyon olduğu görüldü (r=0,273, p=0,003). Multipl logistik regresyon analize göre PAI, KIMK için bağımsız risk faktörü olarak değerlendirildi (Olasılık oranı: 2,6, Güven aralığı %95 1,506-4,374, p=0,029).Sonuç: Bu çalışma bize PAI'nın SLE hastalarında subklinik aterosklerozun değerlendirilmesinde kullanılabilecek bağımsız bir belirteç olabileceğini d...

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“…Altin et al 1 reported that carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) and epicardial fat thickness (EFT) are significantly increased among patients with prediabetes, particularly in those with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), compared to the control group. Age, waist circumference, and 2-hour glucose level independently predicted cIMT, but only 2-hour glucose was an independent predictor of EFT.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Chicken or Egg Causality Paradox Between Insulin Resistance and Epicardial Fat

2016

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Altin et al 1 reported that carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) and epicardial fat thickness (EFT) are significantly increased among patients with prediabetes, particularly in those with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), compared to the control group. Age, waist circumference, and 2-hour glucose level independently predicted cIMT, but only 2-hour glucose was an independent predictor of EFT.Insulin resistance (IR) and central obesity are key elements of the metabolic syndrome (MetS). Central obesity also causes IR, hypertension, and dyslipidemia via secretion of various cytokines from adipocytes. 2,3 Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), known as the hepatic manifestation of MetS, is also significantly associated with increased cardiovascular risk. 4 In turn, MetS is associated with an increased risk of subclinical and clinical atherosclerotic diseases. 5 Epicardial adipose tissue secretes several proinflammatory molecules and plays a role similar to an endocrine or paracrine organ. 6 Epicardial fat thickness has been significantly associated with various cardiovascular risk factors and disease conditions. 7-10 Yorgun et al 7 showed that EFT measured by computerized tomography might be an indicator for the presence of MetS. They also reported a graded relationship between increasing number of MetS components and EFT. In another study, in patients with NAFLD, waist circumference, and cIMT independently predicted EFT. 11 In addition, epicardial fat was significantly associated with gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) activity 12 as an indicator of both MetS and NAFLD. 13 In the study by Altin et al, 1 serum GGT levels were significantly higher in patients with prediabetes, which might be due to a higher rate of NAFLD in those patients. Such a link between increased EFT and MetS might be due to IR. However, the exact pathogenesis whether increased EFT promotes IR and MetS or vice versa was unclear. [14][15][16] Thus, Altin et al 1 should comment on this issue. They may consider the impact of MetS components as a whole rather than including each component alone like IGT, waist circumference, and so on. We speculate that increased cIMT and EFT in the patient group of this study might be due to higher IR as measured by homeostasis model assessment index of IR and MetS components as a whole rather than impaired glucose metabolism alone.

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Assessment of Subclinical Atherosclerosis by Carotid Intima–Media Thickness and Epicardial Adipose Tissue Thickness in Prediabetes

Cited by 25 publications

References 44 publications

Helicobacter pylori can be related to carotid intima-media thickness, epicardial adipose tissue thickness and serum neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) levels

Helicobacter pylori can be related to carotid intima-media thickness, epicardial adipose tissue thickness and serum neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) levels

Plasma Atherogenic Index is an Independent Indicator of Subclinical Atherosclerosis in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Chicken or Egg Causality Paradox Between Insulin Resistance and Epicardial Fat

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