Assessment of the Adaptive Potential of Pisum Arvense L. Samples by Weight of 1000 Seeds

Abstract

The research was conducted in 2018-2020 in the forest-steppe zone of the Krasnoyarsk Territory. The soil of the site is ordinary heavy loamy chernozem, with a low content of nitrate nitrogen (4 ... 6 mg/kg of soil), an average content of mobile phosphorus (19.7 mg/100 g) and a high content of exchangeable potassium (12.6 mg/100 g). Weather conditions during the study period were different in terms of heat and moisture availability of the growing season: 2018-medium arid (SCC 0.60), 2019-insufficiently humidified (SCC 0.89), 2020-sufficiently humidified (SCC 1.32). The object of the study was 9 samples of field peas, the standard is a zoned variety of seed peas, grain-bearing direction, Radomir. The aim of the research was a comparative assessment of the adaptability of the mass of 1000 seeds of collection samples of field peas. The tasks were set to determine the indicators of adaptability of samples by the weight of 1000 seeds: ecological plasticity (bi), homeostaticity( Nom), coefficient of adaptivity (KA), coefficient of multicativity (KM), stability indicator (PUSS); by ranking the obtained indicators, to determine the most adaptive samples of field peas by the mass of 1000 seeds in the conditions of the East Siberian forest-steppe; to determine the variability of the studied indicator by years and to identify correlations of the mass of 1000 seeds with the indicators of adaptability. As a result of the study, it was revealed that in most cases, the adaptive abilities of field peas were higher than those of the standard-field peas, which allows us to recommend Pisum arvense L. to attract Pisum sativum L. to hybridization during breeding. in order to increase the adaptability of the indicator, the weight of 1000 seeds. It was found that Tabyz, Pleiofilia tupe and K-9031 were the most adaptive in terms of the mass of 1000 seeds in the conditions of Eastern Siberia from the studied samples of seed peas. The variability of the trait over the years was insignificant – less than 10%, and only in two variants – Tabyz and K-4375 average-from 10% to 20%. A strong dependence of the mass of 1000 seeds with the following indicators was revealed: Hom homeostaticity (r=0.88±0.17), KA adaptivity coefficient (r = 1.00 ± 0.00) and the PUSS stability level indicator (r = 0.88 ± 0.17); the average with a regression coefficient bi (r = 0.31 ± 0.34) and a weak negative with a multicativity coefficient KM (r = -0.11 ± 0.35).