Assessment of the catalytic effect of various biomass ashes on CO2 gasification of tire char

Czerski, Grzegorz; Śpiewak, Katarzyna; Grzywacz, Przemysław; Wierońska-Wiśniewska, Faustyna

doi:10.1016/j.joei.2021.09.003

Cited by 22 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…The obtained values of the R 2 determination coefficient were high, whi good fit of the measurement data to the models used. The mean values of ki eters for the CO2 tire char gasification (Ea: 182-225 kJ/mol and A: 1.3 × 10 8 -5.8 are similar to some presented in the literature [34][35][36]).…”

Section: Analysis Of Kinetics Of Char Gasification Processsupporting

confidence: 85%

Effect of Pyrolysis Atmosphere on the Gasification of Waste Tire Char

2021

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The aim of the study is to assess the influence of the atmosphere during pyrolysis on the course of CO2 gasification of a tire waste char. Two approaches were used: the pyrolysis step was carried out in an inert atmosphere of argon (I) or in an atmosphere of carbon dioxide (II). The examinations were carried out in non-isothermal conditions using a Rubotherm DynTherm thermobalance in the temperature range of 20–1100 °C and three heating rates: 5, 10 and 15 K/min. Based on the results of the gasification examinations, the TG (Thermogravimetry) and DTG (Derivative Thermogravimetry) curves were developed and the kinetic parameters were calculated using the KAS (Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose) and FWO (Flynn-Wall-Ozawa) methods. Additionally, the CO2 gasification of tire chars reaction order (n), was evaluated, and the kinetic parameters were calculated with the use of Coats and Redfern method. Tire waste char obtained in an argon atmosphere was characterized by lower reactivity, which was reflected in shift of conversion and DTG curves to higher temperatures and higher mean values of activation energy. A variability of activation energy values with the progress of the reaction was observed. For char obtained in an argon atmosphere, the activation energy varied in the range of 191.1–277.2 kJ/mol and, for a char obtained in an atmosphere of CO2, in the range of 148.0–284.8 kJ/mol. The highest activation energy values were observed at the beginning of the gasification process and the lowest for the conversion degree 0.5–0.7.

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Section: Analysis Of Kinetics Of Char Gasification Processsupporting

confidence: 85%

Effect of Pyrolysis Atmosphere on the Gasification of Waste Tire Char

2021

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“…The conditions under which the isothermal measurements were carried out are as follows: temperature: 700, 750, 800, 900 • C; pressure: 0.5, 1, 1.5 MPa; carrier gas flow: 2 dm 3 /min, steam flow: 0.3 g/min; RDF sample mass: 0.5 g. The temperature conditions were selected based on the authors' previous experiences and a literature review [19,20,26]. When selecting the temperature, the critical guideline was to be in the kinetic region of the reaction, i.e., below 1000 • C, and due to the high reactivity of the selected fuel, the minimum temperature could be relatively low, i.e., 700 • C. In the case of pressures, there are no literature reports on analysing its impact on RDF gasification.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Temperature-Pressure Conditions on the RDF Gasification in the Atmosphere of Steam and Carbon Dioxide

2021

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This research aimed to assess the process conditions, temperature and pressure, on the gasification of alternative refuse-derived fuel (RDF) in the atmosphere of steam and carbon dioxide on a laboratory scale using a fixed bed reactor. For this reason, the selected RDF were analysed, including proximate and ultimate analysis, mercury content and ash composition. After that, isothermal gasification measurements using the thermovolumetric method were performed under various temperatures (700, 750, 800, 900 °C) and pressures (0.5, 1, 1.5 MPa), using steam and carbon dioxide as gasifying agents. The obtained results showed that in the entire analysed range, the increase in temperature positively affect both the steam and CO2 gasification of RDF. The formation rates of main components (H2 and/or CO) of the resulting gas, as well as yields of gas components and maximum carbon conversion degrees increase. However, this positive effect was the greater, the lower the process pressure was. In turn, the effect of pressure was more complex. In the case of RDF steam gasification, an increase in pressure had a negative effect on the process, while when using carbon dioxide as a gasifying agent, an improvement of most analysed parameters was observed; however, only at low temperatures, 700–750 °C.

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“…The low reactivity of the tyre char may be due to its high elemental carbon content, low value of structural parameters and low content of catalytically active compounds [140,148,165,166]. Due to the low reactivity of tyre char, it may require the use of catalysts during the gasification process, especially at lower temperatures [152,159].…”

Section: Effects Of Temperaturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is due to the limitation of heat transfer, and these differences are greater the higher the heating rates are, resulting in the reaction onsets observed in thermogravimetric curves being in the higher temperature region [167]. When gasifying tyre char in the atmosphere of CO 2 , Czerski et al [152] obtained the maximum conversion rate at about 1040 • C for a heating rate of 3 • C/min, while increasing the heating rate to 10 and 15 • C/min resulted in the maximum conversion being achieved at temperatures exceeding 1090 • C. Similar results in their paper were obtained by Lahijani et al [141], who subjected tyre char to gasification in the atmosphere of carbon dioxide, showing that as the heating rate increases, the difference between the temperatures determining the beginning and end of the gasification reaction increases. In addition, the DTG curves compiled by Song et al [155] show that as the heating rate increases, the mass loss rate increases, which implies that the gasification reaction rate increases too.…”

Section: Effects Of Heating Ratementioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the presence of Ru/Al 2 O 3 catalysts, as well as that of Ni/SiO2-Al 2 O 3 catalysts, resulted in the highest increase in yields of gaseous components, including hydrogen, methane, light hydrocarbons, and carbon dioxide. Czerski et al [152] used biomass ashes (corn cobs, beet pulp, sunflower husks, beech chips) with a high content of alkali metals and alkaline earth metals as potential catalysts during the gasification of tyre char in the atmosphere of CO 2 . The ashes used contributed to an increase in the reactivity indexes of char gasification, i.e., a reduction in the temperature required to achieve 50% conversion, as well as an increase in the values of reaction rate constants calculated at 900 • C. The effect of the amount of catalytic additive (5, 10, and 15% by weight) was also analysed, and the positive effect was more pronounced with higher biomass ash content, resulting in a shift of thermogravimetric curves toward lower temperatures.…”

Section: Effect Of Catalystsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Studies on the Thermochemical Conversion of Waste Tyre Rubber—A Review

Soprych,

Czerski,

Grzywacz

2023

Energies

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Waste from scrap tyres, due to its high volume (17 million Mg per year) and durability resulting from the physical and chemical properties, requires innovative approaches for efficient and environmentally friendly management. In many countries, the landfilling of waste tyres is banned (e.g., EU, USA, UK); however, waste tyres can be a source of valuable materials such as carbon black, pyrolysis oil, hydrogen-rich syngas, tyre char, as well as energy. The purpose of this article is to provide a synthesis of the state of knowledge regarding the thermal conversion of waste tyres by pyrolysis and gasification, taking into account the use of different measurement techniques and reactor types. These technologies are forward-looking and have a high degree of flexibility in terms of product sourcing, depending on the process conditions. The properties of waste from used tyres were analysed, i.e., the composition of the content of individual components and the main chemical substances. The results encompassed ultimate and proximate analyses of rubber from tyres, as well as the physical and chemical parameters of the tyre char obtained through pyrolysis. This article compiles available literature data regarding the impact of process and raw material parameters, such as temperature and time conditions, pressure, particle size, and catalyst addition on the pyrolysis and gasification processes. It also explores the influence of these factors on the yield and properties of the products, including pyrolysis oil, gas, synthesis gas, and tyre char.

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Assessment of the catalytic effect of various biomass ashes on CO2 gasification of tire char

Cited by 22 publications

References 38 publications

Effect of Pyrolysis Atmosphere on the Gasification of Waste Tire Char

Effect of Pyrolysis Atmosphere on the Gasification of Waste Tire Char

The Effect of Temperature-Pressure Conditions on the RDF Gasification in the Atmosphere of Steam and Carbon Dioxide

Studies on the Thermochemical Conversion of Waste Tyre Rubber—A Review

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