Assessment of the Impact of Clothing Structures for Premature Babies on Biophysical Properties

Skrzetuska, Ewa; Puszkarz, Adam K.; Pycio, Zofia; Krucińska, Izabella

doi:10.3390/ma14154229

Cited by 7 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Heat transfer simulations inside models of the tested sleeping bags were performed using finite volume method by SolidWorks Flow Simulation software [ 21 ]. The applied method can analyse the following physical phenomena: (1) heat transfer in solids (conduction); (2) free, forced and mixed convection; and (3) radiation both in the steady state and transient state [ 2 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 ]. A fuller description of the physical basis on which the modelling was carried out was demonstrated in an earlier work on modelling of the thermal performance of multilayer protective clothing exposed to radiant heat [ 27 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The main function of a sleeping bag is to protect the user’s body and to provide physiological comfort during use. The feeling of physiological comfort is a complicated issue due to the multitude of factors affecting its value, as well as due to the subjective feeling of warmth by the user [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 ]. An important concept is the heat balance equation, which includes several factors affecting heat exchange between the user’s body and the external environment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Study of Influence of Atmospheric Conditions on the Thermal Properties of Sleeping Bags

2022

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The thermal properties of clothing products are influenced by external environmental parameters, such as temperature, humidity, air flow and parameters related to the user’s body, which mainly include temperature and humidity. Depending on the type of raw material, its thickness and the material manufacturing technique, clothing products are characterised by certain insulating properties to protect the human body from external factors. A multilayer system made of different material groups can change the thermal insulating capacity significantly, which cannot be determined by the testing of individual layers used in the production. In order to determine the influence of weather conditions on thermal insulation and air permeability, tests were carried out for two types of sleeping bags (summer and autumn) produced by the same manufacturer, differing in insulation thickness. Simulations were carried out using SolidWorks and verified using a Newton thermal mannequin. During tests, both the temperature (range from −20 °C to 20 °C) and humidity values were changed (range 40–80% humidity). For sleeping bags, the effective thermal insulation decreases along with the increase of temperature and decrease of humidity. It can be observed, for the autumn sleeping bags, that for a temperature of 20 °C and humidity of 60%, the thermal insulation is 1.063 m2·K·W−1, while for a temperature of −20 °C and humidity of 60% thermal insulation increases significantly and amounts to 1.111 m2·K·W−1. A similar situation occurs for the effective thermal insulation of a summer sleeping bag (20 °C/60% thermal insulation is 0.794 m2·K·W−1, while for −20 °C/60%—0.851 m2·K·W−1. During the tests, the humidity and temperature between the layers of the clothing system were also controlled, in order to learn more about the influence of these parameters on the thermal insulation properties of the sleeping bags.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of Influence of Atmospheric Conditions on the Thermal Properties of Sleeping Bags

2022

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“…Research on the utility comfort of clothing focuses primarily on biophysical comfort and sensory comfort because, unlike mental comfort studies, they are based on an objective analysis of measurable clothing parameters determined in accordance with strict standards. The key parameters of clothing that determine the biophysical comfort, such as thermal insulation, thermal resistance, water vapor resistance, and water vapor permeability, are the subject of purely experimental studies [ 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 ] as well as experimental studies supported by theoretical research based on simulations using geometrical models of real textiles and of physical phenomena occurring inside them [ 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the Impact of the Surface Modification Processes of Cotton and Polyester Fabrics with Various Techniques on Their Structural, Biophysical, Sensory, and Mechanical Properties

2022

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This article presents research on the assessment of the impact of surface modification of cotton and polyester fabrics using four techniques (flocking, layer by layer, screen printing and thermal-transfer printing) on their structural, mechanical, biophysical, and sensory properties. Depending on geometry and raw materials of the fabrics, the clothing made of them it is characterized by certain biophysical properties which are intended to protect the human body against external factors, but also against excessive sweating and overheating or cooling down. The aforementioned properties of the modified textiles were determined with: optical microscopy, microcomputed tomography, a tensile testing machine, sweating guarded-hotplate, air permeability tester, and the Kawabata evaluation system. Based on analysis of obtained results, it can be concluded that flocking reduces air permeability the most (−77% for cotton fabric and −99.7% for polyester fabric), and total hand value (−58% and −57%) and increases water vapor resistance the most (+769% and +612%) while the screen printing increases the thermal resistance the most (+119% and +156%) compared to unmodified textiles. It can be concluded that, when modifying textile substrates, the area of modification and their size on clothing products should be carefully selected so as not to adversely affect the feelings of potential wearers.

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“…Preterm infants, due to having immature skin, underdeveloped stratum corneum of the epidermis, and dysfunctions in its functioning, belong to the group of users of special purpose garments distinguished by specific biophysical parameters [ 1 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The lack of stratum corneum and thinner epidermis in children born prematurely contribute to the loss of water through the skin, which also causes hypothermia. The immature skin of prematurely born children is characterized by higher susceptibility to damage as a result of even the smallest injuries [ 1 , 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Biophysical Properties of Potential Materials for the Manufacture of Protective Garments for Preterm Infants

et al. 2022

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Preterm infants, due to immature and dysfunctional skin, have increased water loss through the skin and consequently a decreased body temperature. In order to develop protective garments for preterm infants, it is important to select materials that will protect the child against water and heat loss. The authors are currently involved in the development of protective garments for premature babies, which are similar to baby clothes and contain a membrane that is partially permeable for vapor in combination with textile materials. This article presents the study of materials intended for the production of protective garments for pre-term infants. Samples of materials were investigated to determine biophysical comfort (tests of heat resistance, vapor resistance according to PN-EN ISO 11092:2014-11 and air permeability according to PN-EN ISO 9237) and porosity, surface mass in accordance with PN-EN 12127, and thickness in accordance with PN-EN ISO 5084. In order to determine the porosity of materials and to visualize the structure, tests on computer microtomography were carried out. The mechanical properties of the tested materials and the evaluation of the total hand value were characterized; the samples were tested on the KES device. The aim of this study was to select the most suitable fabrics for protective garments for premature infants to prevent excessive heat and moisture loss from the body, which can lead to hypothermia. For laminates, the optimal results of vapor resistance and heat resistance were obtained for laminate (15 g·m−2 PE foil + 15 g·m−2 PP non-woven), with a level of thermal resistance of 0.0766 m2·K·W−1 and vapor resistance of 188.729 m2·Pa·W−1, and for laminate (15 g·m−2 PE foil + 10 g·m−2 PP non-woven), with a level of thermal resistance of 0.0683 m2·K·W−1 and vapor resistance of 164.085 m2·Pa·W−1. For knitted fabrics, knitwear single cotton 155 g·m−2 showed the highest thermal resistance (0.0296 m2·K·W−1), and knitwear interlock polyester 120 g·m−2 showed the lowest thermal resistance (0.0179 m2·K·W−1). Knitwear cotton 120 g·m−2 had the highest water vapor resistance (8.402 m2·Pa·W−1), while knitwear interlock polyester 130 g·m−2 sample had the lowest resistance (6.356 m2·Pa·W−1). Garments for premature babies should have moisture barrier properties and high thermal insulation. They should also be characterized by optimal air permeability properties. Sample two-layer laminate (15 g·m−2 PE foil + 15 g·m−2 PP non-woven) had the best vapor resistance and thermal insulation properties. Moreover, this sample was characterized by good air permeability and surface weight compared to the other laminate samples. During the design of garments for premature babies, it is important to reduce the surface weight to as low as possible. Among the knitted fabrics, a knitwear single cotton 120 g·m−2 knitwear polyester interlock 120 g·m−2 was selected for having the best THV or tactile comfort. In addition, these knits were chosen for their lower surface weight. Based on the conducted tests, two-layer laminate (15 g·m−2 PE foil + 15 g·m−2 PP non-woven), the knitwear single cotton 120 g·m−2, and knitwear polyester interlock 120 g·m−2 were selected for further research.

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Assessment of the Impact of Clothing Structures for Premature Babies on Biophysical Properties

Cited by 7 publications

References 24 publications

Study of Influence of Atmospheric Conditions on the Thermal Properties of Sleeping Bags

Study of Influence of Atmospheric Conditions on the Thermal Properties of Sleeping Bags

Assessment of the Impact of the Surface Modification Processes of Cotton and Polyester Fabrics with Various Techniques on Their Structural, Biophysical, Sensory, and Mechanical Properties

Evaluation of Biophysical Properties of Potential Materials for the Manufacture of Protective Garments for Preterm Infants

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