Assessment of the influence of genotype and climatic conditions on the elements of productivity of peas in Eastern Siberia

Abstract

The studies were carried out in the conditions of the Krasnoyarsk forest-steppe on the basis of the Krasnoyarsk Research Institute of Agriculture. The weather conditions of the years of the study differed from each other: 2018 - very dry Hydrothermic Coefficient (HC) 0.60; 2019 - arid HC 0.89; 2020 - moderately humidified HC 1.32. The soil of the plot is ordinary heavy loamy chernozem with an acidity of the soil solution of 6.8 and humus content of 7.8 (according to Tyurin). The researches were carried out in accordance with the guidelines for the study of the collection of the world’s genetic resources of cereal legumes. For the study, 9 samples of peas of different morphotypes were taken. The proportions of the influence of genotype and year conditions on the characteristics of the productivity of the samples were determined - the number of unproductive and productive joints, the number of beans and seeds per plant, and the length of plants. The climatic conditions of the year of cultivation had the greatest influence on the main characteristics of productivity, such as the number of beans per plant, the number of seeds per plant, and the number of productive joints. In terms of the number of beans and seeds per plant, 75% was attributed to the influence of the conditions of the year and 45% to the influence of the variety and the interaction of factors, variety x year. The length of the plants was significantly influenced by the year of cultivation - 66%, the influence of the genotype was estimated at 24%, the interaction of factors at 10%. The factor of the year had a minimal effect on the number of unproductive joints - 19%, the influence of the variety was 80%.