Assessment of the Measurement Equivalence of a Spanish Translation of the 16PF Questionnaire

Abstract

The differential functioning of items and tests (DFIT) framework was used to examine the measurement equivalence of a Spanish translation of the Sixteen Personality Factor (16PF) Questionnaire. The questionnaire was administered in English to English-speaking Anglo-Americans and English-dominant Hispanic Americans and in Spanish to Spanish-dominant Hispanic Americans and Spanish-speaking Mexican nationals. As expected, the compensatory differential item functioning/differential test functioning (CDIF/DTF) procedure, which accounts for CDIF at the scale level, flagged fewer items as differential functioning than did the noncompensatory differential item functioning (NCDIF) procedure. Results did not support the hypothesis that DIF would be greatest in the Anglo versus Spanish-speaker comparison followed by the Hispanic versus Spanish-speaker comparison and least in the Anglo versus Hispanic comparison. Advantages of using the DFIT framework in assessing test translations, especially for test developers, are discussed.

Are cross-cultural comparisons of personality profiles meaningful? Differential item and facet functioning in the Revised NEO Personality Inventory.

“…We focused on one important prerequisite for such comparisons, measurement invariance, using the NEO-PI-R, which is presentiy the most prominent inventory used in cross-cultural comparisons of personality profiles. Relatively few studies have investigated measurement invariance in personality inventories (e.g., Ellis et al, 1993;Ellis & Mead, 2000;Huang et al, 1997;Johnson et al, 2008;Waller et al, 2000), and only Huang et al did so with a version of the NEO-PI. Thus, the present study is the first to examine measurement invariance in translated versions of the NEO-PI-R.…”

A Comparison of Native and Non-Native English-Speaking Groups' Understanding of the Vocabulary Contained within the 16PF (SA92)

“…This assumption is, however, unfounded. Ellis and Mead (2000) have also sounded a caution that language differences can sometimes be quite subtle and therefore go undetected. A lack of proficiency in English, therefore, may result in inaccurate test results being obtained.…”

Item and Scale Differential Functioning of the Mini-Mental State Exam Assessed Using the Differential Item and Test Functioning (DFIT) Framework

“…Because the value of CDIF for a given item reflects the contribution of other items to DTF as well as its own, an item removal index (2CDIF-NCDIF) that accounts for this dependency, and therefore, contains that item's total contribution to DTF has been proposed. 6 The item removal index is used to drop items from a scale, beginning with items with the largest removal index value, until the DTF index is no longer significant. According to this procedure, items that are removed are designated as displaying DIF based on the CDIF and DTF indices.…”