Assessment of the Topical and Systemic Effects of Omega-3 on Oral mucosal wound healing in albino rats: A Histopathological and Biochemical study

Abstract

The use of herbal medicine is increasingly becoming more accepted in treatment of many inflammatory conditions. Omega-3 is recently introduced as an effective therapeutic agent and a powerful anti-inflammatory agent, which promotes whole-body wound healing including ulcers as it has an important role in modulation of proinflammatory cytokine production. This study was conductedto evaluate and compare the effect of topicalapplication and systemic administration of omega-3 on the healing of oral mucosal wounds which wereexperimentally induced in albino rats. The experiment comprised 45 albino rats which were divided into 3 groups (n= 15 per group); control group not receiving any treatment(C) group (L) receiving topical application of omega3, and group(S) receiving systemic omega3; 5 rats from each group were sacrificed at day 2, 4 and 8 respectively. Tissue samples were obtained and prepared for histological and biochemical evaluations. The data obtained were analyzed using one way ANOVA and Post Hoc Tukey statistical analysis with the previously performed tests of normality and homogeneity. The biochemical results showed significant improvement regarding TNF-α and IL8-levels after 4 and 8 days in both groups compared to the control. The topical omega3 group showed better results than the systemic with significant differences at 4& 8 days inTNF-α while for IL8 the difference was only significantafter 8 days. The histological results revealed severe epithelial degeneration and inflammation in the lamina propria after 2 days whether using local or systemic treatment however increase reepithelialization gradually increased at 4 days and an even thickness of the epitheliumwas noted by the end of day 8. Conclusion:Omega 3 greatly enhanced ulcer healing and showed superior effects using topical application.

Omega-3 nanoemulgel in prevention of radiation-induced oral mucositis and its associated effect on microbiome: a randomized clinical trial

“…Despite the difference in the etiopathogenesis between RAS and RIOM, the study highlights the influence of omega-3 intake on mucosal recovery [ 72 ].This can be related to the ability of EPA and DHA, on a cellular level, to maintain epithelial integrity and cell barrier function by preventing disruption in tight junction structure and decreasing cell necrosis [ 73 ]. In addition, our results of topical protective action of Omega-3 nanoemulgel are comparable with Basha et al [ 28 ] who demonstrated a significant enhancement in oral mucosal wound healing in rats treated topically by omega-3 compared to its systemic administration.…”

“…Additionally, multiple studies have highlighted the effect of Omega-3 supplements’ consumption in maintaining body weight/composition and improving (QoL) of cancer patients [ 25 , 26 ]. This is possibly attributed to their anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects, and also their role in maintaining epithelial integrity and promoting whole-body wound healing [ 27 , 28 ].…”

Efficacy of topical Omega-3 emulgel in preventing radiation-induced oral mucositis: A randomized clinical trial

“…This may be connected to EPA and DHA's capacity to preserve cell barrier function and epithelial integrity at the cellular level by avoiding tight junction structure disruption and reducing cell necrosis (36). Moreover, the topical protective role of Omega-3 emulgel demonstrated in our results are comparable to the findings of Basha et al who showed a significant enhancement in rats oral mucosal healing after being treated by topical Omega-3, compared to those treated by systemic administration (13). Similarly, the overall topical preventive effect of Omega-3 on OM is also aligned with Ferreira, P. et al who stated that vitamin E mouthwash lowered the incidence of symptomatic RIOM in oral and oropharyngeal cancer patients (37).…”

“…A growing body of research, including both human and animal studies, has demonstrated the therapeutic benefits of Omega-3 PUFAs, particularly EPA and DHA, in a number of human diseases, including diabetes, cancer, cardiovascular problems, and autoimmune disorders (9,11). This may be related to their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, and also their support for epithelial integrity and wound healing ability (12,13). It was discovered that Omega-3 PUFAs lower levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines that include (TNFα), (IL-6) and (IL-1β) in addition to inhibiting arachidonic acid metabolites production which can limit tissue damage and actively suppress inflammation (14).…”

“…When compared to systemic supplementations, animal studies have shown that locally given Omega-3 has superior impact on reducing inflammation, promoting reepithelialization, and wound healing (13). Studies on both humans and animals have shown how Omega-3 PUFAs can help treat a variety of oral conditions including gingivitis, periodontitis, and recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) (14,15).…”