Assessment of Thin Thermal Barrier Coatings for I.C. Engines

Wong, Victor W.; Bauer, Wolf; Kamo, Roy; Bryzik, Walter; Reid, Michael

doi:10.4271/950980

Cited by 52 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…conducted a simple parametric modeling study to determine the optimum thickness for efficiency [11]. It was found that the optimum thickness for typical ceramic coatings on the piston and cylinder head was only 0.…”

Section: Research On Thermal Barrier Coatings In Diesel Enginesmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Investigation of Metal and Ceramic Thermal Barrier Coatings in a Spark-Ignition Engine

Marr

Wallace

Memme

et al. 2010

SAE Int. J. Engines

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The engine was operated in a standard full load mode and a knock promoting mode featuring heated intake air and advanced spark timing. Cylinder pressures were measured to quantify knock.It was found that average heat flux into the piston substrate was 33 % higher with the metal TBC and unchanged with the YSZ relative to the uncoated surface. The increase with the metal TBC was attributed to its surface roughness. However, the metal TBC and YSZ reduced peak heat flux by 69 and 77 %, respectively. Both the metal TBC and YSZ reduced knock compared to the uncoated surface. After testing, the metal TBC was undamaged and the YSZ was slightly chipped.ii DedicationTo my late grandpa Joseph.iii

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Section: Research On Thermal Barrier Coatings In Diesel Enginesmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Investigation of Metal and Ceramic Thermal Barrier Coatings in a Spark-Ignition Engine

Marr

Wallace

Memme

et al. 2010

SAE Int. J. Engines

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“…Deterioration of combustion as well as of the lubricating oil properties have been also reported resulting from the increased levels of insulation. Consequently, some researchers have proposed the use of thin coatings for best results [9,10]. As regards steady-state operation, various studies have been reported for LHR engine operation by applying either first-, e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As regards steady-state operation, various studies have been reported for LHR engine operation by applying either first-, e.g. [2,[6][7][8][9][10][11], or second-law, e.g. [12][13][14][15][16] balances.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They applied a single-zone model on a turbocharged and turbo-compound diesel engine, and highlighted the increased magnitude (of the order of more than 100 K) of the developed temperature oscillations during a steady-state engine cycle. Wong et al [10] investigated the interdependence between engine efficiency and temperature swings amplitude. Rakopoulos et al [26,27] focused on a naturally aspirated diesel engine and included the effect of silicon nitride insulation, providing comparative results for the various insulation schemes applied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Study of the Transient Operation of Low Heat Rejection Turbocharged Diesel Engine Including Wall Temperature Oscillations

Rakopoulos¹,

Giakoumis²

2007

SAE Technical Paper Series

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During the last decades, a vivid interest in the low heat rejection (LHR) diesel engine has arisen. In a LHR engine, an increased level of temperatures inside the cylinder is achieved resulting from the insulation applied to the combustion chamber walls. The steady-state LHR engine operation has been studied so far by applying either first-or second-law balances. However, very few works have treated this subject during the very important transient operation, with the results limited to the engine speed response. For this purpose, an experimentally validated simulation code of the thermodynamic cycle of the engine during transient conditions is applied. This takes into account the transient operation of the fuel pump, the development of friction torque using a detailed per degree crank angle sub-model, while the equations for each cylinder are solved individually and sequentially. In this work, two common insulators of various thicknesses are considered for the engine in hand, viz. silicon nitride and plasma spray zirconia. The transient response of various engine (e.g. speed, volumetric efficiency, fuel pump rack position, brake mean effective pressure and specific fuel consumption) and turbocharger variables is depicted and analyzed, with the results compared to the non-insulated transientand the insulated steady-state operation. For a more indepth analysis of transient engine heat transfer, the interesting phenomenon of the short-term temperature (cyclic) oscillations in the combustion chamber walls during transients needs to be studied. To this aim, the thermodynamic model of the engine is appropriately coupled to a wall periodic heat conduction model, which uses the gas temperature variation as boundary condition throughout the engine cycle after being treated by Fourier analysis techniques. The evolution of many variables during the transient engine cycles, such as the amplitude of oscillation or gradient of temperature swing is thus illustrated. Moreover, the simulation code is expanded in a way to include the second-law balance, as this may prove an interesting alternative to the firstlaw analysis. It is revealed that after a ramp increase in load, the second-law values unlike the first-law ones are heavily impacted by the insulation scheme applied.Combustion and total engine irreversibilities decrease significantly (up to 24% for the cases examined) with increasing insulation. Unfortunately, this decrease is not transformed into an increase in piston work but rather increases the potential for extra work recovery owing to the higher availability content of the exhaust gas.

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“…Wong et al separates engine friction contributions into three categories a temperature dependent, surface dependent, and independent or constant friction. Twenty five percent of the total FMEP is from the temperature or viscosity dependent contribution [17]. By considering the oil temperature to be close to the surface temperature, Wong et al used scaling arguments to predict the benefit of an increased surface temperature assuming the oil does not degrade significantly at high temperatures and the oil fill thickness remains constant.…”

Section: Application Of Tbc For Friction Reductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Situ Control of Lubricant Properties for Reduction of Power Cylinder Friction through Thermal Barrier Coating

Molewyk¹,

Wong²,

James³

2014

SAE Technical Paper Series

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Lowering lubricant viscosity to reduce friction generally carries a side effect of increased metalmetal contact in mixed or boundary lubrication, for example near top ring reversal along the engine cylinder liner. A strategy to reduce viscosity without increased metal-metal contact involves controlling the local viscosity away from top-ring-reversal locations. This paper discusses the implementation of insulation or thermal barrier coating (TBC) as a means of reducing local oil viscosity and power cylinder friction in internal combustion engines with minimal side effects of increased wear. TBC is selectively applied to the outside diameter of the cylinder liner to increase the local oil temperature along the liner. Due to the temperature dependence of oil viscosity, the increase in temperature from insulation results in a decrease in the local oil viscosity. The control of local viscosity through TBC targets areas of high hydrodynamic power losses mid-stroke while avoiding an increase in boundary friction near ring reversal. If temperatures near ring reversal remain unaltered, the expected result is the same oil viscosity, boundary friction, and wear rate near TDC as that of a non-insulated liner. In order to calculate the frictional benefit of insulating the cylinder liner, an in-cylinder heat transfer model predicts the temperatures along the liner. The local oil temperatures and engine performance parameters are then applied to a ring pack simulation to calculate the contributions to hydrodynamic and boundary friction power loss. The BsFC and wear rate results are then compared to baseline simulation data for TBC performance metrics. The results show the TBC insulated liner maintains adequate viscosity and film thickness near TDC for wear protection in the ring, while decreasing a significant portion of hydrodynamic for friction power loss in the mid-stroke. For the case studied, TBC offers a 0.7% BsFC improvement from the reduction in power cylinder friction with no increase in the wear rate of the ring pack. -ivAcknowledgements I will never forget my time here at MIT. I have grown mentally and personally thanks to this wonderful university and the people in the community. Above all, it has been fun and unpredictable here in Boston. I have witnessed a community come together for both tragedy and success during my time in Boston. Many people have been pivotal to my growth and development here at MIT and I would like to take the time to thank them in this section.My journey at MIT began with the guidance and grace of my advisor Dr. Victor Wong. Thanks to Dr. Wong, I was able to find a project with a perfect fit for my interests; and a project that stands to make an impact in the diesel engine industry. Thank you for the great opportunity to pursue my passion in diesel engine research.This project would not have been possible without the support of my project sponsor, Detroit Diesel. Specifically, I would like to thank Kevin Sisken, Sandeep Singh, David Atherton, and Peter Attema for their support throu...

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Assessment of Thin Thermal Barrier Coatings for I.C. Engines

Cited by 52 publications

References 25 publications

An Investigation of Metal and Ceramic Thermal Barrier Coatings in a Spark-Ignition Engine

An Investigation of Metal and Ceramic Thermal Barrier Coatings in a Spark-Ignition Engine

Study of the Transient Operation of Low Heat Rejection Turbocharged Diesel Engine Including Wall Temperature Oscillations

In Situ Control of Lubricant Properties for Reduction of Power Cylinder Friction through Thermal Barrier Coating

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