Assessment of Toxic Effects of the Methanol Extract of Citrus macroptera Montr. Fruit via Biochemical and Hematological Evaluation in Female Sprague-Dawley Rats

Abstract

Citrus macroptera Montr. (C. macroptera) is locally known as Satkara. The fruit of this plant is used as appetite stimulant and in the treatment of fever. This study therefore aimed to evaluate the toxic effects of the fruit extract using some biochemical and hematological parameters in rat model. The effects of methanol extract of Citrus macroptera Montr. fruit administered at 250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg body weight were investigated on hematological and biochemical parameters in Sprague-Dawley female rats. Moreover, histopathological study was performed to observe the presence of pathological lesions in primary body organs. The extract presented no significant effect on body weight, percent water content, relative organ weight and hematological parameters in rat. Significant decrease from control group was observed in the levels of triglyceride, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein and very low density lipoprotein; thus leading to significant decrease of cardiac risk ratio, castelli's risk index-2, atherogenic coefficient and atherogenic index of plasma at all doses. 500 mg/kg dose significantly decreased alkaline phosphatase (P<0.05), 1000 mg/kg dose significantly increased high density lipoprotein cholesterol (P<0.05) and 250 mg/kg dose significantly decreased the level of glycated hemoglobin (P<0.05) from the control group. There were no significant alterations observed with other serum biochemical parameters. Histopathological study confirmed the absence of inflammatory and necrotic features in the primary body organs. Study results indicate that methanolic fruit extract is unlikely to have significant toxicity. Moreover, these findings justified the cardio-protective, moderate hepato-protective and glucose controlling activities of the fruit extract.

Antioxidant Properties of Citrus macroptera Fruit and Its in vivo Effects on the Liver, Kidney and Pancreas in Wistar Rats

“…A cholesterol profile is often measured quantitatively to diagnose primary and secondary hyperlipoproteinemia, triglyceridemia and liver obstruction and high plasma triglyceride levels lead to a predisposition for cardiovascular disease (Zicha et al, 1999) and contribute to hypertension, obesity and diabetes mellitus (Shen, 2007). Dose-dependent reductions were observed in serum levels of TC, TG, VLDL-C and LDL-C in response to exposure to the fruit pulp, suggesting its lipid lowering activity and cardioprotective effect (Uddin et al, 2014a). Additionally, a dose-dependent incremental change in serum HDL-C was observed.…”

Assessment of Toxicity and Beneficiary Effects of Garcinia pedunculata on the Hematological, Biochemical, and Histological Homeostasis in Rats

“…The methanol extract of G. pedunculata was prepared according to a method as described by Uddin et al [12] with slight modifications. Briefly, the cleaned fresh matured fruits were thoroughly rinsed with cold sterile water.…”

Toxicity assessment of the alcoholic leaves extract of Reinwardtia indica

“…If extract shows the toxicity in the body, it directly affects its components such as red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets and haemoglobin. The ranges of these components either decrease or increase significantly from normal.It indicated that the toxicity caused by the extract which can also affect the body immune as well function of organs (Uddin et al, 2014). Data of haematological analysis of 14 th and 28 th days were given in Table III and Table IV.…”