Assessment of triclosan impact on enzymatic biomarkers in an Indian major carp, Catla catla

Hemalatha, Devan; Rangasamy, Basuvannan; Nataraj, Bojan; Ramesh, Mathan

doi:10.1186/s41936-019-0094-2

Cited by 16 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 84 publications

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“…Authors reported that sublethal concentrations of triclosan upon subchronic exposure significantly decreased SOD, CAT, GPx, GSH, and GSSH in the liver of adult zebrafish, and simultaneously caused dose-dependent DNA damage in hepatocytes. Following triclosan exposure, Hemalatha et al ( 2019 ) noticed significantly enhanced glutamic oxaloacetic transaminases (GOT), glutamic pyruvic transaminases (GPT), and GST activity in the liver of Indian major carp Catla catla in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Except for triclosan, there are other antimicrobials often found in PCPs (triclocarban, biphenylol, chlorophene, bromophene, etc.…”

Section: Wwtp-associated Legacy Contaminants and Emerging-concern Con...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fish liver damage related to the wastewater treatment plant effluents

Popović

Čižmek

Babić

et al. 2023

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) continuously release a complex mixture of municipal, hospital, industrial, and runoff chemicals into the aquatic environment. These contaminants are both legacy contaminants and emerging-concern contaminants, affecting all tissues in a fish body, particularly the liver. The fish liver is the principal detoxifying organ and effects of consistent pollutant exposure can be evident on its cellular and tissue level. The objective of this paper is thus to provide an in-depth analysis of the WWTP contaminants’ impact on the fish liver structure, physiology, and metabolism. The paper also gives an overview of the fish liver biotransformation enzymes, antioxidant enzymes, and non-enzymatic antioxidants, their role in metabolizing xenobiotic compounds and coping with oxidative damage. Emphasis has been placed on highlighting the vulnerability of fish to xenobiotic compounds, and on biomonitoring of exposed fish, generally involving observation of biomarkers in caged or native fish. Furthermore, the paper systematically assesses the most common contaminants with the potential to affect fish liver tissue. Graphical Abstract

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Section: Wwtp-associated Legacy Contaminants and Emerging-concern Con...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fish liver damage related to the wastewater treatment plant effluents

Popović

Čižmek

Babić

et al. 2023

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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“…A recent study on mosquitofish ( Gambusia affinis ) that were exposed to TCS showed that the up-regulations Sirt1 and Sirt2 in Sirtuin family could activate the Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway and the down-regulations of miR-34b and the up-regulations of miR-34a , miR-144, and miR153a-5p modulated the Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway [ 234 ]. Sublethal concentrations of TCS enhanced glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT), glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT), and glutathione-S-transferase enzyme activity in all the tissues with an increased dose and exposure period in the gill, liver, and muscle of an Indian major carp Catla catla [ 235 ]. Studies on the fly Drosophila melanogaster showed that TCS caused a redox imbalance with an increase on the catalase activity and a decrease on reactive oxygen species (ROS) level [ 236 ].…”

Section: Mechanism Of Action In Pharmacological and Toxicity Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Triclosan: A Small Molecule with Controversial Roles

et al. 2022

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Triclosan (TCS), a broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent, has been widely used in personal care products, medical products, plastic cutting boards, and food storage containers. Colgate Total® toothpaste, containing 10 mM TCS, is effective in controlling biofilm formation and maintaining gingival health. Given its broad usage, TCS is present ubiquitously in the environment. Given its strong lipophilicity and accumulation ability in organisms, it is potentially harmful to biohealth. Several reports suggest the toxicity of this compound, which is inserted in the class of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs). In September 2016, TCS was banned by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the European Union in soap products. Despite these problems, its application in personal care products within certain limits is still allowed. Today, it is still unclear whether TCS is truly toxic to mammals and the adverse effects of continuous, long-term, and low concentration exposure remain unknown. Indeed, some recent reports suggest the use of TCS as a repositioned drug for cancer treatment and cutaneous leishmaniasis. In this scenario it is necessary to investigate the advantages and disadvantages of TCS, to understand whether its use is advisable or not. This review intends to highlight the pros and cons that are associated with the use of TCS in humans.

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“…Toxicity studies conducted on various organisms proved that TCS is acutely and chronically toxic to all the organisms especially to the aquatic organism through wastewaters from different sources. Earlier studies observed the median lethal concentration (LC 50 ) of TCS on different fishes as 4400 µg.l -1 in Onchorynchus mykiss (Adolfsson- Erici et al, 2002), 370 and 1700 µg.l -1 in Oryzias latipes (Orvos et al, 2002 andNassef et al, 2009), 340 µg.l -1 in Danio rerio (Oliviera et al, 2009), 1480 µg.l -1 in Xiphophorus helleri (Liang et al, 2013), 2810 µg.l -1 in Oreochromis niloticus (Vijitha et al, 2017), 1458 µg.l -1 in Pangasianodon hypophthalmus (Sahu et al, 2018), 1767 µg.l -1 in Anabas testudineus (Priyatha and Chitra, 2018), 360 µg.l -1 in Gibelion catla and 390 µg.l -1 in Labeo rohita (Hemalatha et al, 2019a and2019b). In the present study, the LC 50 value of TCS on O. mossambicus was calculated based on the 96 h mortality data of fishes exposed to TCS.…”

Section: Determination Of Lc 50 and Behavioural Responsesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Short Term Effects of Antimicrobial Agent Triclosan on Oreochromis mossambicus (Peters, 1852): Biochemical and Genetic Alterations

Deepika

Padmavathy

Srinivasan

et al. 2021

IJAR

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Background: Triclosan is an antimicrobial agent which enters into the aquatic environment through wastewater discharges which causes potential health risk in human and aquatic organisms. The present study aimed to determine the toxic effects of triclosan on Oreochromis mossambicus. Methods: The fishes were subjected to five different concentrations viz. 131, 262, 523, 1046 and 2092 µg.l-1 of triclosan for 96 h acute toxicity test. To evaluate the levels of enzymes such as acetylcholinesterase and glutathione S transferase, brain and liver tissues were collected, homogenized, extracted and stored at -20° for further analysis. The DNA damage was assessed in gill and liver tissues using single cell gel electrophoresis method. Result: In present study, the calculated 96 h LC50 value of triclosan in O. mossambicus was 740 µg.l-1 and the fishes showed various behavioural alterations. Time and dose dependent inhibition of AChE activity in brain tissue was observed during acute toxicity test. However, the GST activity in liver tissue increased on exposure to triclosan with significant increase in concentration of toxicant. DNA damage index was higher in gill tissue compared to the liver tissue during acute exposure to TCS which could cause detrimental effects in fishes.

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Assessment of triclosan impact on enzymatic biomarkers in an Indian major carp, Catla catla

Cited by 16 publications

References 84 publications

Fish liver damage related to the wastewater treatment plant effluents

Fish liver damage related to the wastewater treatment plant effluents

Triclosan: A Small Molecule with Controversial Roles

Short Term Effects of Antimicrobial Agent Triclosan on Oreochromis mossambicus (Peters, 1852): Biochemical and Genetic Alterations

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