Assessment of types of damage and causes of human-wildlife conflict in Gera district, south western Ethiopia

Amaja, Leta Gobosho; Feyssa, Debela Hunde; Gutema, Tariku Mekonnen

doi:10.5897/jene2015.0543

Cited by 43 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Similarly, the level of crop damage is higher at sites close to forests and at intermediate distances from forests when compared with the sites at far away from forests. Our results corroborate several previous findings from southwest Ethiopia that the frequency of occurrence of wild mammal crop raiders and the corresponding extent of crop damage decrease with increasing distances from forest edges into agricultural fields (Ango et al., 2017; Geleta et al., 2019; Lemessa et al., 2013; Leta et al., 2016). However, there is a variation in the magnitude of distances that crop raiders move out from their natural habitats into agricultural fields including in homegardens for raiding different kinds of crops.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Pattern of crop raiding by wild large mammals and the resultant impacts vary with distances from forests in Southwest Ethiopia

Mamo

Lemessa

Diriba

et al. 2021

Ecology and Evolution

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Crop raiding-literally a factor for a human-wildlife conflict is largely a negative interaction that occurs when wild animals come out of their natural habitats (forests) to the crop fields or homegardens to rob the crops that the farmers have grown for their own and their families consumption (Hill, 2017;Madden, 2004). Such phenomenon has been in existence since humans and wild animals have begun sharing the same landscapes and resources. Nowadays, humanwildlife conflict exists in one form or another (crop raiding, livestock depredation, property damage, and human injury) across the globe (Hariohay & Røskaft, 2015;Laverdière et al., 2007). In protected areas, the human-wildlife conflict is severe and has become a growing challenge mainly due to the mismatches between the interests

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Pattern of crop raiding by wild large mammals and the resultant impacts vary with distances from forests in Southwest Ethiopia

Mamo

Lemessa

Diriba

et al. 2021

Ecology and Evolution

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“…Similar to most developing nations, in Ethiopia, conflict between human and wildlife is a common concern in different parts of the country where people depend on agriculture. Much prior research that has been carried out by different scholars also verified this concern (Bezihalem et al, 2016;Yigrem et al, 2016;Leta et al, 2015Leta et al, , 2016Muluken, 2014;Reddy and Workneh, 2014;Adem, 2009;Mesele, 2006). In the present study area, agriculture and livestock production are the major sources of livelihood.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 74%

“…Human-wildlife conflict exists in different forms all over the world and is more experienced in developing countries (Leta et al, 2016). Crop raiding and livestock depredation are not a new phenomenon; they have most likely been occurring since humans had started practicing agriculture.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human-wildlife conflict around Midre-Kebid Abo Monastry, Gurage Zone, Southwest Ethiopia

Yilmato¹,

Takele²

2019

Int. J. Biodivers. Conserv.

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This human-wildlife conflict study was carried out around Midre-Kebid Abo Monastry. A descriptive survey design method was used and both qualitative and quantitative data were collected using questionnaires. Field experiment was carried out on two selected crops-maize and enset, to estimate crop damage by wild animals. Resource competition (46%), increased wildlife population (42.5%) and livestock populations (11.5%) were the major causes of conflict identified in the area. Wheat and maize were the most affected crops in the area with an estimate loss of 155.29 ± 12/kg/year and 106.15±12.3/kg/year, respectively. The average loss of enset obtained from estimation of 0.36 ha in four counts was 36 kg. On the other hand, the average loss of maize from estimation of 0.12 ha in four counts was 48 cobs (9.6 kg). Therefore, estimated damage based on the total coverage of enset (32 ha) and maize (42 ha) has become 3200 and 3360 kg, respectively. The most known problematic wild animals in the study area were apes (86.2%) followed by monkey (71.3%) and hyena (56.3%). Albeit there is an intense human-wildlife conflict in the study area, majority of the respondents (64.5%) have positive perception towards wildlife conservation. Different crop/livestock protection mechanisms, including guarding, chasing, hunting, fencing, cooperative guarding, guarding using dogs, trapping and scarecrow are used by the local community. The use unpalatable crops as buffer crops enforce environment and forest related laws and local government engagement in creating awareness about wildlife conservation and compensatory schemes are important to lessen the problem.

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“…Human–wildlife conflict relates to negative interactions between people and wildlife that can result in injury or death to humans, loss of economic potential and assets, and can culminate in retaliatory killing of the wildlife itself. Predation of livestock is an important factor affecting successful coexistence of large carnivores and humans from pastoral communities 1 – 4 . Predation on livestock is the primary source of Human–wildlife conflict and considered one of the biggest challenges for conservation of predators that overlap with shared grazing lands 5 – 7 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patterns of livestock depredation and Human–wildlife conflict in Misgar valley of Hunza, Pakistan

Bano

Khan

Mehmood

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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Throughout the world, livestock predation by mammalian carnivores causes significant economic losses to poor farmers, and leads to human–wildlife conflicts. These conflicts result in a negative attitude towards carnivore conservation and often trigger retaliatory killing. In northern Pakistan, we investigated livestock depredation by large carnivores between 2014 and 2019, and subsequent Human–wildlife conflict, through questionnaire-based surveys (n = 100 households). We used a semi-structured questionnaire to collect data on livestock population, depredation patterns, predation count, and conservation approaches. We found a statistically significant increasing pattern of predation with influential factors such as age, gender, occupation, education of respondents, population of predators, threats index for predators and conservation efforts. Some 310 livestock heads with an average of 51 animals per year out of the total 9273 heads were killed by predators, and among them 168 (54%) were attributed to the wolf and 142 (45.8%) to snow leopard. Major threats to carnivores in the area included retaliatory killing, habitat destruction and climate change. Incentivization against depredation losses, guarded grazing and construction of predator-proof corral may reduce Human–wildlife conflict and both livelihood and predator can be safeguarded in the study area.

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Assessment of types of damage and causes of human-wildlife conflict in Gera district, south western Ethiopia

Cited by 43 publications

References 10 publications

Pattern of crop raiding by wild large mammals and the resultant impacts vary with distances from forests in Southwest Ethiopia

Pattern of crop raiding by wild large mammals and the resultant impacts vary with distances from forests in Southwest Ethiopia

Human-wildlife conflict around Midre-Kebid Abo Monastry, Gurage Zone, Southwest Ethiopia

Patterns of livestock depredation and Human–wildlife conflict in Misgar valley of Hunza, Pakistan

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