Assessment of Valuable and Critical Elements Recovery Potential in Ashes from Processes of Solid Municipal Waste and Sewage Sludge Thermal Treatment

Kasina, Monika; Kowalski, Piotr; Kajdas, Bartłomiej; Michalík, Marek

doi:10.3390/resources9110131

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…In the first stage, particulates, which are the fine mineral fraction of sewage sludge and sand from the fluidised bed, are removed from flue gases using multicyclones and an electrostatic precipitator. They consist mainly of SiO 2 , P 2 O 5 , CaO, Al 2 O 3 and MgO, which is confirmed by the results of studies reported by Cyr et al and Kasina et al [18,31]. According to the authors, ISSA mostly contains P 2 O 5 contents from 10% to 26%; in the studied FA ash, this value was 26.4%.…”

Section: Chemical Compositionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Assessment of Ecotoxicity of Incinerated Sewage Sludge Ash (ISSA)

2021

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Combustion in fluidised bed boilers is one of the most commonly used methods of treatment of municipal sewage sludge. Fly ash (FA) and air pollution control (APC) residues are the solid by-products generated by flue gas treatment. There are significant differences in the chemical composition of these wastes. FA is composed of mainly SiO2, P2O5, CaO and metals such as Zn, Ti, Cu, Cr, Pb and Ni. APC residues mainly contain SO3 and Na2O. The leachability tests that were carried out indicate that these wastes display very low leachability of heavy metals (for example leachability of Pb was equal 0.0004 mg·dm−3 in both wastes, leachability of Cd was equal 0.0012 mg·dm−3 in FA an 0.00004 mg·dm−3 in APC). On the other hand, very high sulphate concentrations (49,375 mg·dm−3) were found in water extract for the APC residues. In order to determine the toxicity of these wastes for plants, pot experiments with different additions of waste to the soil were carried out (on Lepidium sativum and Sinapis alba). Tests based on seeds germinations (on Lepidium sativum) in water extracts from waste (in different concentrations) were also performed. The results obtained indicate the very high toxicity of APC residues. Complete inhibition of germination and growth of the test plants was found for all concentrations of the tested waste in water extract and for all additions of waste to the soil in pot experiments. Seed germination tests on water extracts from FA did not show any toxicity of this waste. Pot tests with FA showed their toxicity only with a high (30%) addition in soil.

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Section: Chemical Compositionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Assessment of Ecotoxicity of Incinerated Sewage Sludge Ash (ISSA)

2021

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“…It is, thus, important to evaluate the bioavailability of phosphorus recovered from waste and its possible usage in the fertilizer production. The studied ISSA fulfilled requirements for non-hazardous waste (Kasina et al 2021) and usage as solid mineral fertilizers are fulfilled following national and EU norms (Kasina et al 2020) due to high content of macronutrients (K 2 O + P 2 O 5 ) and acceptable content of potentially toxic elements (As, Pb, Cd, Hg).…”

Section: Results Of Sequential Extraction -The Influence Of the Resul...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The phosphorus present in the ISSA starting samples varied between 7 and 8%. These relatively high concentrations enable the comparison of ISSA to medium grade phosphorus ores (Kasina et al 2020 ). The phosphorus in ISSA is usually present not as a free phosphate but combined aggregates or phases (Franz 2008 ); therefore, its identification is relevant.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A potential source of phosphorus is sewage sludge incineration ash. Waste stream materials such as sewage sludge incineration ashes are more often considered as novel anthropogenic waste-based substitutes for natural resources (Kasina et al 2020), thus maximizing natural resources protection and returning elements into the production cycle by recycling, reuse and at the same time fulfilling assumptions of close-loop economy. Obtaining phosphorus from a sewage sludge incineration ashes seems to be a reasonable and promising option, since the average phosphorus content corresponds to medium-rich ores (Kasina et al 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The assessment of phosphorus recovery potential in sewage sludge incineration ashes — a case study

Kasina

2022

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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A sewage sludge incineration ash contains large amounts of phosphorus, which are considered as a novel anthropogenic waste–based substitute for phosphorus natural resources. Phosphorus is accumulated at most in phosphate minerals of whitlockite structure, that contain Fe, Ca, and Mg and in the matrix composed of Si, Al, Fe, Ca, P, Mg, K, Na in various proportions. The goal of this study was to estimate phosphorus recovery potential. A four-stage sequential extraction, following the modified Golterman procedure, was applied. Separation of four independent fractions enabled to understand better the manner of phosphorus occurrence in the studied ash. The results of the extraction indicated the greatest release of phosphorus combined with organic matter using sulfuric acid. The release was on average at the level of 64%. The chelating Na-EDTA compound indicated lower ability to extract phosphorus (at the level of 35%), and the highest ability to extract heavy metals and potentially toxic elements (As, Zn, Mo). The sequential extraction led to the total recovery of phosphorus of around 40–60%

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“…However, the composition of MSW-FA is greatly dependent on the MSW sources [50,51] and the type of incinerators [52]. O), calcite (CaCO 3 ), sylvite (KCl), and lime (CaO) [53][54][55][56][57].…”

Section: Msw-fa As Source To Silicate and Alumina In Zeolite Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Municipal Solid Waste Fly Ash-Derived Zeolites as Adsorbents for the Recovery of Nutrients and Heavy Metals—A Review

Vogelsang,

Umar

2023

Water

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Though fly ash from the incineration of municipal solid waste (MSW-FA) is considered hazardous waste, its huge and increasing volumes and potential value due to high concentrations of salts and heavy metals such as copper and zinc have attracted commercial interest in mining it for resources. The associated treatments used for extracting these resources may make it economically feasible to extract other constituents from the residuals, adding another potential pathway towards a zero-waste society. This review assesses the feasibility of using zeolites, synthesized from precursors extracted from MSW-FA, as sorbents for the recovery of nutrients (ammonium, nitrate, and phosphate) and heavy metals. It is possible to tailor the properties of the zeolites; however, the large variability in reported adsorption capacities and specificities, as well as the inherent heterogenic nature and variable composition and concentrations of most nutrient- or heavy metal-rich waste streams, make such tailoring challenging. A remaining important issue is the transfer of unwanted micropollutants from the MSW-FA or waste stream to the final products and the loss of surfactants from surfactant-modified zeolites during adsorption and/or desorption of nitrate and/or phosphate. Nonetheless, the recovery process is benefited by high concentrations of the target compounds and low concentrations of competing ions.

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Assessment of Valuable and Critical Elements Recovery Potential in Ashes from Processes of Solid Municipal Waste and Sewage Sludge Thermal Treatment

Cited by 7 publications

References 30 publications

Assessment of Ecotoxicity of Incinerated Sewage Sludge Ash (ISSA)

Assessment of Ecotoxicity of Incinerated Sewage Sludge Ash (ISSA)

The assessment of phosphorus recovery potential in sewage sludge incineration ashes — a case study

Municipal Solid Waste Fly Ash-Derived Zeolites as Adsorbents for the Recovery of Nutrients and Heavy Metals—A Review

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