Assessment of water quality and health risks for toxic trace elements in urban Phewa and remote Gosainkunda lakes, Nepal

Rupakheti, Dipesh; Tripathee, Lekhendra; Kang, Shichang; Sharma, Chhatra Mani; Paudyal, Rukumesh; Sillanpää, Mika

doi:10.1080/10807039.2017.1292117

Cited by 59 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The only source of pollution in this case may be the so-called wet and dry deposition. The results are similar to those obtained by Rupakheti et al [68], who showed that lakes under less human influence are characterized by much better water quality parameters. The content of MEs, TEs and REEs in the BTNP lake waters is mainly due to natural geological processes.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

The Variability of Lake Water Chemistry in the Bory Tucholskie National Park (Northern Poland)

Sojka

Choiński

Ptak

et al. 2020

Water

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The paper presents the results of chemical analysis of lake waters in Bory Tucholskie National Park (BTNP). The BTNP area is unique due to its location within a single catchment and high variability in geological structure. Moreover, the lakes have different morphometric parameters, represent different hydrological types, trophic types and thermal regimes. Another unique feature is the existence of five lobelia lakes. This name comes from the Latin name of the taxon – Lobelia dortmanna L. which has been included in the Polish Red Data Book of Plants. The chemical analysis included 55 parameters, within macro elements (MEs), trace elements (TEs) and rare earth elements (REEs). Low concentrations of MEs, TEs and REEs confirm the absence of anthropogenic pressure. High variation of ME, TE and REE contents between individual lakes is due to different geological structure. The cluster analysis enabled lakes to be divided into six groups taking into account all analyzed water quality parameters. The lobelia lakes were characterized by the lowest concentrations of MEs and REEs, which mainly result from the small catchment area and their mainly endorheic character. The highest variability of MEs, TEs and REEs occurred in endorheic lakes, where the geological structure was dominant. The lowest variability of MEs, TEs and REEs occurred in the lakes connected by the Struga Siedmiu Jezior stream. The analysis of MEs, TEs and REEs in relation to the environmental factors and trophic, hydrologic and thermal typology allowed a better understanding of their spatial distribution in the BTNP lakes. The obtained results indicate that the values of the studied elements were generally close to the average values noted in surface waters according to the Geochemical Atlas of Europe.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

The Variability of Lake Water Chemistry in the Bory Tucholskie National Park (Northern Poland)

Sojka

Choiński

Ptak

et al. 2020

Water

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“…Although perceived to be in pristine conditions, a number of studies have shown that high mountain lakes are vulnerable to anthropogenic activities and are threatened by long‐distance transport of pollutants (Battarbee, ; Battarbee et al., ; Battarbee, Thompson, Catalan, Grytnes, & Birks, ; Cantonati, Corradini, Jüttner, & Cox, ; Galassi, Valsecchi, & Tartari, ; Grabherr et al., ; Rupakheti et al., ), climate change (Battarbee, ) as well as local pollution from settlements and mountain tourism (Chandan, Chatterjee, & Gautam, ; Harris, Bhandari, Hua, & Sharma, ). In Nepal, high altitude limnological studies began with lake surveys in the Mount Everest areas (Löffler, ), and until the early 1990s, such studies have been few and discontinuous (Aizaki, Terashima, Nakahara, Nishio, & Ishido, ; Nakamura, Nobuyuki, & Terashima, ; Okino & Satoh, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrochemistry of Lake Rara: A high mountain lake in western Nepal

Gurung

Sharma

et al. 2018

Lakes & Reservoirs

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“…While comparing the water quality of Phewa Lake with other freshwater environments of the Himalayas, the results of this study indicated that the lake water can be used for drinking purposes (Tripathee et al, 2016). However, some of the previous studies conducted in the same lake suggested that the markedly high values of WQI, which could be due to the additional evaluation of potentially toxic trace elements such as As and Hg (Sharma et al, 2015;Rupakheti et al, 2017). The overall WQI of all the sampling points exhibited suitable for drinking purposes to the specific chemical parameters that were chosen in this study in both the summer and winter seasons (Table A2).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 64%

“…There are several studies conducted in Phewa and associated lakes of the Pokhara valley (Gurung et al, 2005;Khadka & Ramanathan, 2013;Heyojoo & Takhachhe, 2014;Pant & Adhikari, 2015;Sharma et al, 2015;Rupakheti et al, 2017). Sharma et al (2015) has confirmed the presence of mercury contamination due to moderate chemical weathering of surrounding rocks and rapid urbanization in the surrounding areas of the lake.…”

Section: Tu-cdesmentioning

confidence: 98%

Water quality and land use/cover changes in the Phewa Watershed, Gandaki Province, Nepal

Bishwakarma

Pant

Pal

et al. 2019

Nep Jnl Environ Sci

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Knowledge and understanding of land use and water quality nexus is an important precursor for assessing the human-water interactions and sustainable freshwater management. In this study, the land use/cover change (LUCC) and water quality assessment with respect to drinking and irrigational purposes were carried out in Phewa Lake, Nepal. A total of 20 water samples were collected during the winter and summer seasons in 2017 and were analysed for major hydrochemical variables. The water quality index of Phewa Lake was found to be 5.15 and 2.57 during the winter and summer, respectively, indicating the suitability of water for drinking purposes. The results revealed that the electrical conductivity, sodium percentage, and sodium adsorption ratio were found to be 38.80 µS/cm, 16.99, and 0.10, respectively in the summer and 85.06 µS/cm, 14.68, and 0.15, respectively in the winter. Similarly, permeability index, Kelly’s ratio, magnesium hazard, cation ratio of soil structural stability, and Wilcox diagram exhibited that the water was suitable for irrigation in both seasons with relatively better quality in the summer. The dynamic pattern of LUCC in the Phewa watershed exhibited an increase in the spatial extent of forest, shrub-land, grassland, and built-up area, whereas decreasing trend of agricultural land, barren land, and water bodies. Irrespective of the seasonality, the LUCC-water quality nexus showed elevated concentrations in the proximity of the urban settlements. The present study could be helpful for the restoration of water quality by sustainable land-use practices in the Himalayan region.

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Assessment of water quality and health risks for toxic trace elements in urban Phewa and remote Gosainkunda lakes, Nepal

Cited by 59 publications

References 35 publications

The Variability of Lake Water Chemistry in the Bory Tucholskie National Park (Northern Poland)

The Variability of Lake Water Chemistry in the Bory Tucholskie National Park (Northern Poland)

Hydrochemistry of Lake Rara: A high mountain lake in western Nepal

Water quality and land use/cover changes in the Phewa Watershed, Gandaki Province, Nepal

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