Assessment of Water Stress in Rice Fields Incorporating Environmental Parameters

Kamran, Muhammad; Ahmad, Sajid; Chohan, Khurram; Akhtar, Asif; Hassan, Ali; Khan, Rao Mansoor Ali

doi:10.33411/ijist/2022040212

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…These impacts are caused by the burning of fossil fuels, poor management of rapid industrialization, motor combustion, and an increased number of poorly maintained vehicles [17]. As per reference [18][19], the author demonstrated that major cities of Pakistan have recorded high levels of NO2 in the winter season and lower in summer [20]. However, the high peak in population and industrialization are notable factors that have increased the Concentration of NO2 [21][22].…”

Section: Original Articlementioning

confidence: 93%

Spatio-Temporal Dynamics of Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) Concentration & its Impacts on Human Health (2010-2022)

Sarwar

Shirazi

Ain

et al. 2022

IJIST

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Nitrogen is one of chemical gases which has drastic impact on human health. It is also renowned globally as a major component of climate change. Lahore city has been selected as the study area to conduct this research. The basic objective of this study is to assess the temporal and seasonal change of Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) concentration in the study area and its effects on human health. For this purpose, the two-phase methodology has been adopted. In the first phase, primary and secondary datasets were collected through an online questionnaire and Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), respectively, while in the second phase, satellite imageries were acquired from NASA Earth Observatory (NEO). An online questionnaire survey was conducted for a better understanding and assessment of NO2 effects on inhabitants. The interpolation technique was applied to show a temporal change in Concentration of NO2 from 2010-2022 and for seasonal change in 2022. Findings of this research showed that NO2 levels are high during winters as compared to summers. Whereas, temporal analysis from 2010-2019 revealed that high dense columns of NO2 were found in 2019 & 2020 and less dense columns were found in 2019, whereas this concentration declined due to the arrival of COVID from 2020 to the end of 2021. The main reason of this decline is the lack of transport or industrial exhaust due to lockdown by COVID. The results of the questionnaire indicate that people encountered diverse health problems due to long- and short-term exposure to NO2. Moreover, this study helps to display the drastic impacts of NO2 concentration on human health and the natural environment.

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Section: Original Articlementioning

confidence: 93%