Assessment of Wound Healing Activity of Green Synthesized Titanium Oxide Nanoparticles using <i>Strychnos spinosa </i>and <i>Blighia sapida</i>

Abstract

The biosynthesis of nanoparticles has been proposed as a cost effective and environmentally friendly alternative to chemical and physical methods. The present work investigates the synthesis of titanium oxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) by green approach using Strychnos spinosa and Blighia sapida leave extracts. The detailed characterization of the TiO2 NPs was carried out using UV-Visible Spectroscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X- ray Diffraction (XRD), and Fourier-Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy. The green synthesized TiO2 NPs excitation was confirmed using UV–Vis spectrophotometer at 270 and 290 nm for Strychnos spinosa and Blighia sapida respectively. SEM revealed that the synthesized TiO2 NPs were spherical and crystalline in nature. The overall sizes are 40 and 50 nm for Strychnos spinosa and Blighia sapida respectively. FTIR spectroscopic analysisshowed the presence of flavonoids, polyphenols and amide groups likely to be responsible for the green synthesis of titanium oxide nanoparticles using S. Spinosa and B .sapida aqueous leaf extracts. The XRD pattern showed the characteristic Bragg peaks of (111), (200), (220) and (311) facets of the anatase titanium oxide nanoparticles and confirmed that these nanoparticles were crystalline and spherical in nature. Furthermore, the green synthesized TiO2 NPs wound healing activity was examined in the excision wound model by measuring wound closure, histopathology and protein profiling. This revealed significant wound healing activity in Albino rats. In the present study, topical application ofnanoformulated extracts of B. sapidaa nd S. spinosa significantly accelerated wound healing with 20% nanoformulated ointment having the highest percentage wound contraction ability comparable with gentamicin (a commercially sold antimicrobial agent used in dressing wounds). In conclusion, this work proved the capability of using TiO2 NPs to deliver a novel therapeutic route for wound treatment in clinical practice.&#x0D; Keywords: Wound healing activity; SEM; TiO2; XRD; FTIR; UV–Vis spectroscopy.

Applications of drug delivery systems, organic, and inorganic nanomaterials in wound healing

“…The nanoparticles effectively reduced wound size more significantly than the control group, indicating efficient wound healing progression [ 56 ]. A reflection of the TiNPs’ strong antibacterial potentials, as demonstrated by the findings of the in vivo and in vitro antibacterial assays, is the absence of irritation and/or discomfort at the wound site during treatment and the considerable acceleration of wound contraction and re-epithelialisation rates, primarily seen in the remodelling phase of wound healing [ 59 ].…”

Antidiabetic and wound healing potential of biologically fabricated chitosan nanoparticles of aqueous seed extract of Hunteria umbellata

“…When formulated as nanoparticles, the extract has a higher surface area to volume ratio. Nanostructures give pharmacological agents a distinct advantage, contributing to improved pharmacological effects [70]. When HU extract is prepared as a nanoparticle, the chances of interactions with the wound surface and permeation into the wound site are increased.…”

Metal nanoparticles produced by plants with antibacterial properties against Staphylococcus aureus

“…(Seydi et al, 2019a), Allium eriophyllum Boiss (Seydi et al, 2019b) found to be excellent antibacterial agent against S. aureus. Hassan et al (2020) fabricated TiO2NPs using Strychnos spinosa and Blighia sapida leave extracts. The phytofabricated TiO2NPs exhibited wound healing property by decreasing S. aureus load in albino rat.…”