Background::
The relationship between type II diabetes mellitus (DM) and periodontal
disease (PD) has been discussed in recent years and may vary according to the patient's location,
sex, age and family history.
Objective::
In view of this possible association between periodontitis and DM, this study aimed
to evaluate salivary glucose and salivary cortisol levels with periodontitis (staging and degree) in
people with type II diabetes compared to non-diabetic individuals.
Methods::
This was a case-control study, with 60 participants divided into two groups: DM2-
people with type II diabetes (n=30) and NDM- non-diabetic individuals (n=30). For both, a clinical
form and periogram were filled out, and blood samples (glycemia, glycated hemoglobin, and
cortisol) and saliva (glucose and cortisol) were collected.
Results::
The diagnosis of periodontitis was 100% in the DM2 group and 80% in the NDM
group. As for staging and degree, in the DM2 group, 70% of the participants were in stage IV
and 86.67% were in grade C, while in the NDM group, 58.3% of the participants were in stage I
and 70.8% were in grade A. Significant differences were observed for the following variables:
bleeding to probing and clinical attachment level. The laboratory data presented significant results
regarding serum glucose, salivary glucose, and glycated hemoglobin.
Conclusion::
Regarding the influence of salivary glucose and cortisol on periodontal status (staging
and degree), these had higher means in the DM2 group when compared to the NDM group.
An association of salivary glucose and cortisol levels with the periodontal condition presented by
type II diabetic individuals compared to non-diabetic individuals is suggested.