Associated head injuries and survival rate of patients with maxillofacial fractures in road traffic accident:A prospective study in Saudi Arabia

Abstract

Background:Every minute, an accident occurs in Saudi Arabia, causing 39,000 injuries and 7,000 deaths annually. Facial trauma or maxillofacial trauma (MFT) is a frequent presentation of road traffic accidents (RTAs), ranging from simple nasal fractures to gross or severe maxillofacial injuries.Methods:A total number of 237 patients were included in this prospective study from May 2013 to January 2018. The following medical details were recorded for each case, gender, age, fracture location, the presence of scalp laceration, the presence of brain damage, type of brain damage, shock degree, Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), number of units used for blood transfusions for documentation of patient survival rate. We followed up the patients in their first appointment after 21 days of patient discharge from the hospital.Results:Majority of the patients were young male adults. A total of 59.1% of patients had cerebral damage, 38% (n = 90) of patients had at least, one scalp laceration, 43.5% (n = 103) of patients had some degree of shock, whereas 27.8% of the recruited patients needed at least 1 unit of blood transfusion. A total of 14.3% of the patients died as a result of their injuries, and the survival rate was 85.7%.Conclusions:Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) is having a high incidence of RTAs leading to high mortality rate. Therefore, it requires a sound evaluation of the risk factors for RTAs and establishment of guidelines to decrease the incidence of road traffic injuries and reduce health-care burden. Road safety campaigns focused on young population can help reduce RTAs and subsequent mortalities. Prompt arrival at the hospital, early diagnosis, and timely management of maxillofacial fractures and brain damages by skilled physicians will lower mortality rate in KSA..

Forensic medical evaluation of dental-jaw injuries in cases of traffic accidents

“…Damage to the dental system due to injury in the car could occur when the person comes into contact with parts of the car, usually in frontal collisions, namely with the steering wheel, front panel, front windshield. This assumption of the mechanism of damage is consistent with the results of other similar studies [1,5,12,14,20,24,25].…”

“…Of course, the most important objects of study in performing such examinations are the victims (corpses or living persons). In general, these issues have been carefully studied by both domestic [11,22,23] and foreign authors [1,10,17,18,19,24,25]. Particular attention in cases of accidents was paid to comprehensive studies [1,3,4,5,7].…”

“…In general, these issues have been carefully studied by both domestic [11,22,23] and foreign authors [1,10,17,18,19,24,25]. Particular attention in cases of accidents was paid to comprehensive studies [1,3,4,5,7]. However, in the study of injuries in victims of traffic accidents traditionally paid attention primarily to damage to the lower extremities (due to the action of the car bumper), torso, skull bones and brain [5,6,10,15,17,19,26].…”

Retrospective Analysis of the Structures of Traumatic Damages in the Maxillofacial Area in Lviv in the Period from 2016 to 2018

“…Причинами травматизму є соціальна нестабільність, природні катаклізми, дорожньотранспорті пригоди, порушення правил охорони праці, збільшення випадків агресивної поведінки людей [7,8]. Варто зазначити, що в Україні збільшується число травм внаслідок дорожньотранспортних пригод на відміну від євопейських країн.…”

Patterns of Facial Fractures Associated with Socio-demographic and Causative Factors: A Multi-Center Analysis from Karachi

“…4,5,6 The WHO has documented that nearly one-third of traumatic injuries reported in developing countries are due to road traffic accidents (RTA) which significantly contribute towards increased mortality rates. 7,8 The purpose of the current study was to assess the association of age, gender, and mechanism of injuries in patients presenting at tertiary care facilities of Karachi, Pakistan. Locally reported data have shown that males are more prone to facial injuries during their 2nd and 3rd decades of life with the most common etiologic factor being road traffic accidents (RTA).…”