Association Between Anorectal Dysplasia, Human Papillomavirus, and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection in Homosexual Men

Frazer, Ian H.; Crapper, Richard M.; Medley, Gabriele; Brown, Timothy C.; Mackay, Ian R.

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(86)90168-6

Cited by 196 publications

(54 citation statements)

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“…For example, the mild and transient immunodeficiency of pregnancy is associated with a concomitant increase in HPV prevalence (Schneider et al, 1987). Similar trends have been seen with iatrogenic immune suppression in renal allograft patients (Alloub et al, 1989) and in homosexual men with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection (Frazer et al, 1986). Taken together, these observations imply that HIV-associated immunosuppression may result in an enhanced expression of HPV.…”

mentioning

confidence: 59%

“…Scholefield et al (1989) using DNA hybridization on colposcopically-directed anal biopsies, have reported that HPV genotypes 6/11 were associated with low-grade AIN and HPV genotypes 16/18 with high-grade AIN, similar to the pattern observed in cervical intra-epithelial lesions (Crum et al, 1985). Cytologic evidence of HPV infection in HIV-infected homosexual men has also been noted (Frazer et al, 1986). By a combination of molecular and cytologic methods, we have been able to confirm the presence of, and to further evaluate the relationships between, specific HPV genotypes and abnormal anal cytology.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Interaction of human immunodeficiency and papilloma viruses: Association with anal epithelial abnormality in homosexual men

Caussy¹,

Goedert²,

Palefsky

et al. 1990

Intl Journal of Cancer

105

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mentioning

confidence: 59%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Interaction of human immunodeficiency and papilloma viruses: Association with anal epithelial abnormality in homosexual men

Caussy¹,

Goedert²,

Palefsky

et al. 1990

Intl Journal of Cancer

105

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“…Host factors are important in determining the outcome of genital HPV infection (Singer et al, 1984) as demonstrated by a striking increase in SCC of the cervix but not of control organs such as breast or rectum in immunosuppressed allograft recipients (Sheil & Flavel, 1986), and an increased incidence of preneoplastic HPVassociated lesions in homosexual men immunosuppressed by human immunodeficiency virus infection (Frazer et al, 1986). The congenital B immunodeficiency diseases and the consequences of the use of T immunosuppressive drugs suggest that cellular immune responses are important for the control of the phenotypic expression of HPV infection (Kirschner, 1986).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of B epitopes in human papillomavirus type 16 E7 open reading frame protein

Tindle

et al. 1990

Journal of General Virology

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Human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 is implicated in the aetiology of anogenital dysplasia which may progress to malignancy. HPV-16 DNA is actively transcribed in cervical carcinomas, the most abundant transcripts being from the E6 and E7 early open reading frames. The E7 protein has been shown to have transforming activity in vitro. In this report we define four immunodominant B epitopes within the protein corresponding to the E7 gene, using a panel of murine monoclonal antibodies. Three epitopes are linear and lie within the N-terminal region of the molecule, and are unique to the HPV-16 E7 protein. One epitope is non-linear and presumed to be conformational. At least three of the four epitopes of the E7 protein are detectable by immunoprecipitation from an HPV-16-infected cervical carcinoma cell line. The demonstrated immunogenicity of the E7 protein allows us to deduce that this molecule may be a potential candidate for incorporation in a vaccine against cervical cancer.

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“…Schneider et al found a 4.5% prevalence of CIN in this group, which was seven times more than in non-immunosuppressed patients.8' Depression of immune function has been described in homosexual men without HIV infection who practise frequent anal intercourse,82 and Frazer et al postulated 86 that this might be due to the burden of other infections. 83 Whether antigen overload similarly causes impaired immunity in women, and whether this might be a factor in cervical carcinogenesis, is not known.…”

Section: Immunologicalfactorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex and cervical cancer.

Oriel¹

1988

Sexually Transmitted Infections

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Carcinoma of the cervix is a major health problem throughout the world. After breast cancer, it is the second commonest malignancy in women, with an incidence of about half a million cases a year. In some localities-Africa, India, and certain other Asian countries-it is the commonest cancer in women; in Europe and North America it is the fourth commonest.' Data from some developed countries show a reduction in cervical cancer mortality of about 30% between 1960 and 1980, presumably because of early diagnosis through screening programmes.2 In England and Wales, however, there has been only a small decline in deaths from this cause in the past 20 years, and 2000 women a year still die of it.3 During the past decade there has been a pronounced increase in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), particularly in young women,45 and Beral, using a computer model, has predicted a 60% increase in cervical cancer registrations and a 70% increase in mortality in women aged under 50 in 10 years' time.6Squamous carcinoma of the cervix is the culmination of CIN, which is a series of progressive epithelial changes. Although the pathogenesis of these changes is not well understood, the cytology and histology of CIN is clear,7 and invasive cancer of the cervix could be completely prevented if CIN was detected by screening tests and treated correctly. Epidemiological studies have made it possible to define some behavioural and other characteristics of women who are at relatively high risk ofcervical cancer, and recent advances in basic science have clarified, at least in part, the aetiology of the disease. The purpose of this paper is to review this evidence with particular reference to women who attend clinics for sexually transmitted diseases, and to look for ways in which the services in these clinics can be used or modified to reduce the likelihood of invasive cervical disease in this group. Epidemiological review Domenico Rigoni-Stern was chief physician of a hospital in Verona, and he analysed mortality from cancer in that city for the years 1760-1839.' He pointed out that cancer of the uterus (and he was probably referring to the cervix) was commoner in married women and widows than in unmarried women, and was unknown in those bound by monastic vows. He suggested that the liability of a uterus to cancer might depend on "the natural exercise of its functions." It is difficult to be sure what he meant by this, but he was probably referring to either menstruation or childbirth. These observations were largely forgotten until qtite recently, but in the early 1950s several studies confirmed the extreme rarity of carcinoma of the cervix in Catholic nuns.9`' In the discussion of these findings, emphasis was placed not on the celibacy of these-women but on their childlessness, because at the time chronic cervicitis and cervical lacerations during delivery were regarded as being of major aetiological importance.During the 1960s, links were noted between carcinoma of the cervix and prostitution. Studies of the inmates of women's p...

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Association Between Anorectal Dysplasia, Human Papillomavirus, and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection in Homosexual Men

Cited by 196 publications

References 10 publications

Interaction of human immunodeficiency and papilloma viruses: Association with anal epithelial abnormality in homosexual men

Interaction of human immunodeficiency and papilloma viruses: Association with anal epithelial abnormality in homosexual men

Identification of B epitopes in human papillomavirus type 16 E7 open reading frame protein

Sex and cervical cancer.

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