Association between birth weight and diabetes: Role of body mass index and lifestyle in later life

Hu, Chunyan; Mu, Yiming; Wan, Qin; Qin, Yingfen; Hu, Ruying; Shi, Lixin; Su, Qing; Yu, Xuefeng; Yan, Li; Qin, Guijun; Tang, Xulei; Chen, Gang; Gao, Zhengnan; Wang, Guixia; Shen, Feixia; Luo, Zuojie; Chen, Li; Huo, Yanan; Li, Qiang; Ye, Zhen; Zhang, Yinfei; Liu, Chao; Wang, Youmin; Wu, Shengli; Yang, Tao; Deng, Hongkui; Chen, Lulu; Zhao, Jiajun; Lu, Jieli; Lin, Lin; Li, Mian; Du, Rui; Xu, Min; Xu, Yu; Wang, Tiange; Zhao, Zhiyun; Chen, Yuhong; Li, Donghui; Bi, Yufang; Wang, Weiqing; Ning, Guang

doi:10.1111/1753-0407.12960

Cited by 16 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…The REACTION study is a population‐based, multicenter cohort study. The details about the study have been described previously 23‐25 . In detail, the REACTION study was conducted between 2011 and 2012 in 25 local communities according to geographic region, degree of urbanization, and economic development status.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between parity, pregnancy loss, and breastfeeding duration and risk of maternal type 2 diabetes: An observational cohort study

Huo

Cheng

Wang

et al. 2021

Journal of Diabetes

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Background Parity, pregnancy loss, and breastfeeding duration were found to be associated with diabetes. However, the results are inconsistent. Also, no epidemiological studies have examined the association of these reproductive factors with diabetes in the same large population. We aim to investigate the associations between parity, pregnancy loss, breastfeeding duration, and the risk of maternal diabetes in middle‐aged and elderly Chinese females. Methods We included 131 174 females aged ≥40 years from the REACTION study (Risk Evaluation of Cancers in Chinese Diabetic Individuals: A Longitudinal Study). Multivariable linear regression and logistic regression were used to assess the association between parity, pregnancy loss, and breastfeeding duration and type 2 diabetes. Results The number of parities and breastfeeding duration were positively related to fasting plasma glucose, 2‐hour postload glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance. Compared with those with one birth, nulliparous women or women with 2 or ≥3 births had a significantly increased risk of diabetes. The odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were 1.27 (1.10‐1.48), 1.17 (1.12‐1.22), and 1.28 (1.21‐1.35), respectively. Compared with women without pregnancy loss, those who underwent 2 (OR 1.09; 95% CI, 1.04‐1.14) or ≥3 pregnancy losses (OR 1.11; 95% CI, 1.04‐1.18) had an increased risk of diabetes. Moreover, women with a breastfeeding duration ≥0 to 6 months (OR 0.82; 95% CI, 0.75‐0.90) and ≥6 to 12 months (OR 0.94; 95% CI, 0.89‐0.99) had a significantly lower risk of diabetes. Conclusions Nulliparous women or women with multiparity or more than one pregnancy loss have an increased risk of diabetes in later life, while women who breastfeed more than 0 to 12 months have a lower risk of diabetes.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between parity, pregnancy loss, and breastfeeding duration and risk of maternal type 2 diabetes: An observational cohort study

Huo

Cheng

Wang

et al. 2021

Journal of Diabetes

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“… 27 28 43 One of the studies included 149 794 participants from three large prospective cohorts and showed that LBW and unhealthy adulthood lifestyles encompassing smoking, non-moderate alcohol consumption, lower exercise intensity and BMI≥25 were jointly related to an increased risk of T2DM. 28 Another cohort study indicated that the risk of diabetes associated with LBW could be eliminated in those with a high physical activity level, 27 and individuals predisposed to T2DM due to LBW could be protected from glucose intolerance by regular exercise. 43 However, no study has illustrated the joint effect of LBW and healthy lifestyle on subsequent CMDs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 25 26 However, previous population-based cohort studies have only shown that healthy lifestyle (such as active physical activity, not smoking, moderate alcohol consumption and BMI<25) may reduce the risk effect of LBW on the development of diabetes. 27 28 Questions remain regarding whether and to what extent healthy lifestyle may mitigate the risk of LBW on CMDs more widely.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of low birth weight with cardiometabolic diseases in Swedish twins: a population-based cohort study

Yang

et al. 2021

BMJ Open

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ObjectivesTo examine the association between low birth weight (LBW) and cardiometabolic diseases (CMDs, including heart disease, stroke and type 2 diabetes mellitus) in adulthood, and to explore whether genetic, early-life environmental and healthy lifestyle factors play a role in this association.DesignA population-based twin study.SettingTwins from the Swedish Twin Registry who were born in 1958 or earlier participated in the Screening Across the Lifespan Twin (SALT) study for a full-scale screening during 1998–2002 and were followed up until 2014.Participants19 779 twin individuals in Sweden with birthweight data available (mean age: 55.45 years).Primary and secondary outcome measuresCMDs were assessed based on self-reported medical records, medication use and records from the National Patient Registry. A lifestyle index encompassing smoking status, alcohol consumption, exercise levels and Body Mass Index was derived from the SALT survey and categorised as unfavourable, intermediate or favourable. Data were analysed using generalised estimating equation (GEE) models and conditional logistic regression models.ResultsOf all participants, 3998 (20.2%) had LBW and 5335 (27.0%) had incident CMDs (mean age at onset: 63.64±13.26 years). In GEE models, the OR of any CMD was 1.39 (95% CI 1.27 to 1.52) for LBW. In conditional logistic regression models, the LBW–CMD association became non-significant (OR=1.21, 95% CI 0.94 to 1.56). The difference in ORs from the two models was statistically significant (p<0.001). In the joint effect analysis, the multiadjusted OR of CMDs was 3.47 (95% CI 2.72 to 4.43) for participants with LBW plus an unfavourable lifestyle and 1.25 (95% CI 0.96 to 1.62) for those with LBW plus a favourable lifestyle.ConclusionLBW is associated with an increased risk of adult CMDs, and genetic and early-life environmental factors may account for this association. However, a favourable lifestyle profile may modify this risk.

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“…Three of these SR were considered being of high quality (168)(169)(170). The literature search identified few additional studies (171,172). The SR by (168,170) only included adults while the SR by (167,169) also included children; however, only in a few studies.…”

Section: Type 2 Diabetesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Association Between High Birth Weight and Long-Term Outcomes—Implications for Assisted Reproductive Technologies: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

et al. 2021

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Background: Studies have shown that the prevalence of children born with high birth weight or large for gestational age (LGA) is increasing. This is true for spontaneous pregnancies; however, children born after frozen embryo transfer (FET) as part of assisted reproductive technology (ART) also have an elevated risk. In recent years, the practice of FET has increased rapidly and while the perinatal and obstetric risks are well-studied, less is known about the long-term health consequences.Objective: The aim of this systematic review was to describe the association between high birth weight and LGA on long-term child outcomes.Data Sources: PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched up to January 2021. Exposure included high birth weight and LGA. Long-term outcome variables included malignancies, psychiatric disorders, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes.Study Selection: Original studies published in English or Scandinavian languages were included. Studies with a control group were included while studies published as abstracts and case reports were excluded.Data Extraction: The methodological quality, in terms of risk of bias, was assessed by pairs of reviewers. Robins-I (www.methods.cochrane.org) was used for risk of bias assessment in original articles. For systematic reviews, AMSTAR (www.amstar.ca) was used. For certainty of evidence, we used the GRADE system. The systematic review followed PRISMA guidelines. When possible, meta-analyses were performed.Results: The search included 11,767 articles out of which 173 met the inclusion criteria and were included in the qualitative analysis, while 63 were included in quantitative synthesis (meta-analyses). High birth weight and/or LGA was associated with low to moderately elevated risks for certain malignancies in childhood, breast cancer, several psychiatric disorders, hypertension in childhood, and type 1 and 2 diabetes.Conclusions: Although the increased risks for adverse outcome in offspring associated with high birth weight and LGA represent serious health effects in childhood and in adulthood, the size of these effects seems moderate. The identified risk association should, however, be taken into account in decisions concerning fresh and frozen ART cycles and is of general importance in view of the increasing prevalence in high birthweight babies.

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Association between birth weight and diabetes: Role of body mass index and lifestyle in later life

Cited by 16 publications

References 34 publications

Associations between parity, pregnancy loss, and breastfeeding duration and risk of maternal type 2 diabetes: An observational cohort study

Associations between parity, pregnancy loss, and breastfeeding duration and risk of maternal type 2 diabetes: An observational cohort study

Association of low birth weight with cardiometabolic diseases in Swedish twins: a population-based cohort study

The Association Between High Birth Weight and Long-Term Outcomes—Implications for Assisted Reproductive Technologies: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

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