Association between Carbohydrate Quality Index and general and abdominal obesity in women: a cross-sectional study from Ghana

Abstract

ObjectivesThe relationships between carbohydrate intake and risk of obesity have been widely investigated. However, there are limited data on the associations between their relative proportions and quality contained in the same diet on risk of obesity, especially in low-income and middle-income countries. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between an overall Carbohydrate Quality Index (CQI) and general and abdominal obesity in women.Setting and participantsIn this cross-sectional study, data from 277 women in Ghana were analysed. Dietary information was obtained from 2-day 24 hours dietary recalls. CQI was calculated from the four indices dietary fibre, Glycaemic Index, whole grains/total grains ratio and solid carbohydrates/total carbohydrates ratio.Outcome measuresBody mass index, waist circumference (WC), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) and Conicity Index were measured.ResultsAfter adjusting for covariates, the chance for general obesity (OR 0.25, 95% CI 0.10 to 0.65) and abdominal obesity measured by WC (OR 0.22, 95% CI 0.08 to 0.58) were significantly lower in the topmost quintile of CQI in comparison with the lowest quintile. In addition, the OR for higher WHtR (OR 0.27, 95% CI 0.11 to 0.69) was significantly lower among participants in the fifth quintile of CQI compared with those in the first quintile.ConclusionsThe present study demonstrates that there is an inverse association between dietary CQI and both general and abdominal obesity. These findings suggest that CQI may be used for the improvement of dietary intake to prevent obesity.

Relationship between dietary carbohydrate quality index and metabolic syndrome among type 2 diabetes mellitus subjects: a case-control study from Ghana

“…To enable us to estimate the wealth status of each respondent’s household, we created a composite score for the list of household items enumerated. A higher score was a proxy for a higher wealth status [ 34 ]. The physical activity levels of the subjects were estimated using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire short form [ 53 ].…”

“…In line with this, a previous study defined CQI by taking into account dietary fiber intake; GI; ratio of CHO consumed from whole grains to CHO consumed from total grains (WGTG), and ratio of CHO consumed from solid food items to total CHO consumed (RSCTC) [ 33 ]. Although the CQI brings together several dimensions of dietary CHO quality and may be an effective tool for nutrition counseling, very few studies have examined its relationship with metabolic outcomes [ 34 – 36 ]. Obesity is considered an important risk for the development of MetS [ 37 ].…”

“…Obesity is considered an important risk for the development of MetS [ 37 ]. In the recent past, we reported an inverse association between the CQI and general and abdominal obesity in Ghanaian healthy women [ 34 ]. However, this was a healthy population.…”

Associação entre a qualidade dos carboidratos da dieta e o estado nutricional de sobreviventes de câncer de próstata

“…O mesmo se confirma com a associação positiva entre ingestão de fibras e relação carboidratos sólidos/totais. De acordo com um estudo, também de desenho transversal, o aumento do consumo de bebidas açucaradas está diretamente relacionado às dietas com baixo teor de fibras e ao aumento da obesidade (Suara et al, 2019).…”

Habitual and meal-specific carbohydrate quality index and their relation to metabolic syndrome in a sample of Iranian adults

“…As well as the inverse association between COI and general obesity/overweight has been demonstrated in one prospective study (25) . Researchers examined the relationship between dietary patterns based on macronutrient intake and blood factors such as lipid pro le and fasting blood glucose (FBG), but there has not been much attention paid to meals (27)(28)(29) . In addition, a dietary recommendation based on meals can be an effective intervention in changing inappropriate habitual intake (30) .…”