Association between dementia and psychiatric disorders in long-term care residents

Abstract

We examine the relationship between dementia and psychiatric disorder diagnoses among long-term care residents in nursing homes across the state of Rhode Island (RI), USA. Observational clinical study. Two hundred fifty-five residents with and without the diagnosis of dementia were included in this study. Prevalence analysis was used to elucidate information on psychiatric disorders in the overall cohort, and among residents with dementia. Questions from the quality of life questionnaire (EQ-5D-3L) that provides information on self-care, anxiety/depression, and resident's view of how healthy they are, were used to evaluate their association with dementia and psychiatric disorders. A logistic regression analysis was conducted to understand the relationship between dementia and mental illness diagnoses in long-term care facilities. Finally, a subgroup logistic regression analysis was performed for residents with Alzheimer disease. 65.1% of all residents suffered from at least 1 psychiatric disorder. Anxiety was the most common diagnosis (36.5%), followed by depression (28.6%), and insomnia (14.9%). There was a positive and statistically significant association between any mental illness diagnosis and dementia (adjusted OR: 3.73; 95% CI: 1.34–10.41). Bipolar disorder and insomnia were negatively and statistically significantly associated with dementia (adjusted OR: 0.17; 95% CI: 0.03–0.89 AND adjusted OR: 0.39; 95% CI: 0.16–0.96 respectively). Age and COPD were also statistically associated with dementia (adjusted OR: 1.07; 95% CI: 1.03–1.11 AND adjusted OR: 0.28, 95% CI: 0.12–0.66). Alzheimer disease was positively and significantly associated with the diagnosis of any mental illness (adjusted OR: 3.77; 95% CI: 1.17–12.20). We studied the relationship between dementia and diagnoses of psychiatric disorders present in long-term care residents. We found that residents with a diagnosis of dementia were more likely to suffer from at least 1 psychiatric disorder. Further work is needed to establish the neuropathophysiological relationship between psychiatric disorders and dementia.

Association between multimorbidity patterns and disability among older people covered by long-term care insurance in Shanghai, China

“…Mansbach et al [ 47 ] used the Brief Anxiety and Depression Scale to assess the prevalence of depression among long-term care residents in America, and the result showed that the prevalence was 54.5%. However, another study conducted in Rhode Island, USA suggested that only 28.6% of all residents in long-term care facilities suffered from depression [ 48 ]. Wongpakaran et al [ 49 ] found that the prevalence of depression among institution-dwelling older adults was 23.5% in northern Thailand.…”

Primary Psychiatric Behavioral Disorders Indicative of Neuropathological Processes: A Review of 125 Cases

“…a sex ratio (M/F) of 0.89. This female predominance is noted by several studies [3,4]. In its report on the impact of mental and behavioral disorders in 2001, the WHO states that mental disorders are on average more prevalent in women than in men [1], and in correlation with the high age of the respondents, the significant proportion of women can be explained by their longer life expectancy [5].…”

Mood Disorders

“…Thus far, nondrug interventions have been preferred as they are effective for reducing mild to moderate symptoms of depression in this patient population. Popular interventions used include animal therapy, cognitive stimulation, exercise and social interaction, massage therapy, reminiscence therapy, occupational therapy, multidisciplinary care, and environmental modification 48,50 . Data regarding treatment of major depression in patients with neurocognitive disorders are mixed 48,50,51 …”

“…Popular interventions used include animal therapy, cognitive stimulation, exercise and social interaction, massage therapy, reminiscence therapy, occupational therapy, multidisciplinary care, and environmental modification. 48,50 Data regarding treatment of major depression in patients with neurocognitive disorders are mixed. 48,50,51 Headache Headaches, more specifically migraines, have high rates of comorbidities with mood disorders, including depressive disorder and bipolar disorder.…”