Association between Hemoglobin Level and Endothelial Function in Uncomplicated, Untreated Hypertensive Patients

Abstract

SummaryBackground and objectives Hemoglobin (Hb) is an important nitric oxide (NO) buffer and a modulator of NO bioavailability. In addition, endothelial dysfunction is common in hypertensive patients, suggesting a pivotal role of hemoglobin concentration ([Hb]) in vascular function. To investigate the potential role of [Hb] in endothelium-dependent vasodilation, the relationship between Hb and endothelial function was tested in a group of patients with essential hypertension. Design, setting, participants, & measurementsIn this retrospective study, 174 nonsmoking, uncomplicated, never-treated hypertensives were enrolled. Endothelium-dependent and -independent vasodilation was assessed by measurement of forearm blood flow response during intra-arterial infusion of increasing doses of acetylcholine (ACh) and sodium nitroprusside (SNP) using strain-gauge plethysmography. Correlation with established risk factors of endothelial dysfunction was performed. ResultsThe vasodilatory response to ACh was inversely (P Ͻ 0.001) related to [Hb], and this relationship was dose dependent (P Ͻ 0.001), being minimal at the lowest dose and maximal at the highest dose. No association was found between Hb and the vasodilatory response to SNP. In a multiple linear regression model adjusted for Framingham risk factors (age, sex, BP, cholesterol, body mass index, glucose) and emerging risk factors (homeostasis model assessment index, C-reactive protein, estimated GFR), [Hb] maintained a strong and independent link with the vasodilatory response to ACh (P Ͻ 0.001). ConclusionsIn a large group of nonsmoking untreated hypertensives, [Hb] is inversely related to forearm endothelium-dependent vasodilation. [Hb] should be taken into account, especially in conditions associated with low [Hb], when performing vascular function studies.

Hemoglobin concentration is associated with the incidence of metabolic syndrome

“…The alteration of hemoglobin concentration was associated with the pathophysiology of impaired endothelial function [ 34 ]. In addition, the hemoglobin concentration was associated with the sCD40L level, which may create a prothrombotic and proinflammatory microenvironment, exacerbating the development of atherosclerosis and MetS [ 35 , 36 ].…”

Cross-sectional and longitudinal association between hemoglobin concentration and hypertension

“…An Italian study observed an inverse relationship between hemoglobin and forearm endothelium-dependent vasodilation in untreated hypertensive patients, but not in normotensive people. [ 23 ] Endothelial cell damage is also associated with the increased concentrations of growth factors [ 24 ] to regenerate tissues. [ 25 , 26 ] Several studies have reported that the concentration of serum hepatocyte growth factor concentration is positively associated with hypertension, [ 27 , 28 ] and also an increased hemoglobin concentration.…”

Erythroleukemia treated effects of rat plasma profile and erythrocyte membranes

“…Erythroleukemic treated rat blood pathophysiological situation contribute to morphological of erythrocytes, structural and functional alterations that enhance platelet reactivity, RBC procoagulant activity, endothelium adhesiveness and reduce deformability of erythrocytes ( Straat et al, 2012 ). These alterations of red blood cell structural results are in the impaired, chronic anaemia, blood flow, endothelial dysfunction, hypertension, risk for cardiovascular diseases, ischemia, and haemolysis of red blood cells at physiological conditions ( Tyulina et al, 2000 ; Maio et al, 2011 ; Mozos 2015 ). Hence our study was designed to investigate the erythroleukemic treated rats cause plasma biochemical and biophysical alterations particularly lipid profile, glucose mechanism and lipid peroxidation in plasma, AST, ALT and haemoglobin effects.…”