Association between infection of the respiratory tract attributable to bovine coronavirus and health and growth performance of cattle in feedlots

Lathrop, Sarah; Wittum, Thomas E.; Brock, Kenny V.; Loerch, S. C.; Perino, Louis J.; Bingham, Howard R.; McCollum, F. T.; Saif, Linda J.

doi:10.2460/ajvr.2000.61.1062

Cited by 76 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The BCoV respiratory disease has been described in different areas worldwide, including the United States, 14,19,23 Canada, 8 Turkey, 13 Japan, 17 Finland, 1 and Sweden. 11 In the Finland study, 1 various microorganisms were detected in association with BCoV, including mycoplasmas (mainly Mycoplasma bovis and Mycoplasma dispar), Pasteurella multocida, Mannheimia haemolytica, and Arcanobacterium pyogenes, as well as other viral pathogens, specifically, BPIV3, BRSV, and bovine adenoviruses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4,20 Subsequently, BCoV was also associated with the occurrence of respiratory distress in calves and adults. 19,22 The respiratory syndrome is often observed during or after transportation because the shipping of cattle represents a stressing factor that may facilitate the onset of BCoV-induced respiratory disease, mainly in feedlot calves. The present study reports the results of molecular investigations on outbreaks of respiratory disease due to BCoV infection in Italian cattle herds.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Respiratory Disease Associated with Bovine Coronavirus Infection in Cattle Herds in Southern Italy

Decaro¹,

Campolo

Desario

et al. 2008

J VET Diagn Invest

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Abstract. Four outbreaks of bovine respiratory disease (BRD) associated with bovine coronavirus (BCoV) infection in Italian cattle herds were reported. In 3 outbreaks, BRD was observed only in 2-3-monthold feedlot calves, whereas in the remaining outbreak, lactating cows, heifers, and calves were simultaneously affected. By using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), BCoV RNA was detected in all outbreaks without evidence of concurrent viral pathogens (i.e., bovine respiratory syncytial virus, bovine herpesvirus type 1, bovine viral diarrhea virus, bovine parainfluenza virus). Common bacteria of cattle were recovered only from 2 outbreaks of BRD: Staphylococcus spp. and Proteus mirabilis (outbreak 1) and Mannheimia haemolytica (outbreak 4). A recently established real-time RT-PCR assay showed that viral RNA loads in nasal secretions ranged between 3.10 3 10 2 and 7.50 3 10 7 RNA copies/ml of template. Bovine coronavirus was isolated from respiratory specimens from all outbreaks except outbreak 1, in which real-time RT-PCR found very low viral titers in nasal swabs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Respiratory Disease Associated with Bovine Coronavirus Infection in Cattle Herds in Southern Italy

Decaro¹,

Campolo

Desario

et al. 2008

J VET Diagn Invest

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“…Serological testing for BoCV antibodies was not performed as part of the study reported herein due to a lack of a commercially available test kit. However, animals with BoCV in their nasal swabs tend to have low serological titers for BoCV antibodies, 32,54,71 and low antibody titers at feedlot entry are associated with an increased likelihood of developing clinical respiratory disease 38,53,71 and requiring treatment for respiratory disease. 27,54 It is therefore likely that live export cattle that are shedding BoCV on entry to the assembly depot will have low antibody titers and will thus be more likely to develop and require treatment for respiratory disease during voyages than animals without BoCV in their nasal secretions.…”

Section: 33mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The presence of BoCV in nasal secretions has been linked to increased odds of death due to BRD during live export voyages, 47 and an increased risk of treatment for respiratory disease, 27,38,54 reduced weight gain, 71 and increased incidence of pulmonary lesions at slaughter 38 in feedlot cattle. Serological testing for BoCV antibodies was not performed as part of the study reported herein due to a lack of a commercially available test kit.…”

Section: 33mentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of nasal shedding and seroprevalence of organisms known to be associated with bovine respiratory disease in Australian live export cattle

et al. 2014

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Abstract. The prevalence of organisms known to be associated with bovine respiratory disease (BRD) was investigated in cattle prior to export. A quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assay was used to detect nucleic acids from the following viruses and bacteria in nasal swab samples: Bovine coronavirus (BoCV; Betacoronavirus 1), Bovine herpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1), Bovine viral diarrhea virus 1 (BVDV-1), Bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV), Bovine parainfluenza virus 3 (BPIV-3), Histophilus somni, Mycoplasma bovis, Mannheimia haemolytica, and Pasteurella multocida. Between 2010 and 2012, nasal swabs were collected from 1,484 apparently healthy cattle destined for export to the Middle East and Russian Federation. In addition, whole blood samples from 334 animals were tested for antibodies to BoHV-1, BRSV, BVDV-1, and BPIV-3 using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The nasal prevalence of BoCV at the individual animal level was 40.1%. The nasal and seroprevalence of BoHV-1, BRSV, BVDV-1, and BPIV-3 was 1.0% and 39%, 1.2% and 46%, 3.0% and 56%, and 1.4% and 87%, respectively. The nasal prevalence of H. somni, M. bovis, M. haemolytica, and P. multocida was 42%, 4.8%, 13.4%, and 26%, respectively. Significant differences in nasal and seroprevalence were detected between groups of animals from different geographical locations. The results of the current study provide baseline data on the prevalence of organisms associated with BRD in Australian live export cattle in the preassembly period. This data could be used to develop strategies for BRD prevention and control prior to loading. Nasal shedding and seroprevalence of BRD in live export cattle 7 Export of Livestock, Standard 3, http://www.agriculture.gov. au/biosecurity/export/live-animals/advisory-notices/2011/ export_advisory_notice_2011-01). Time in the assembly depot allows the animals to recover from road transport, acclimatize to shipboard rations, and receive any health checks or treatments required by the importing country. However, comingling, handling, and sorting of animals that have been recently transported from multiple farms also provides an ideal environment for transmission of viruses and bacteria between animals in the assembly depot.Viruses implicated in the pathogenesis of BRD include Bovine herpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1), Bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV), Bovine viral diarrhea virus 1 (BVDV-1), Bovine parainfluenza virus 3 (BPIV-3), Bovine coronavirus (BoCV), bovine rhinoviruses, and bovine adenoviruses. Bovine rhinoviruses and adenoviruses probably have only a minimal role in the pathogenesis of BRD, while BoHV-1, BPIV-3, and BRSV are recognized as primary respiratory pathogens, and BVDV-1 as a significant predisposing pathogen (reviewed in previous publications 20,52 ). Since its first isolation in association with respiratory disease in 1993, 67 BoCV has received attention as an emerging BRD pathogen, and is now thought to make a substantial contribution to the development of BRD in feedlot cattle. 59,65Mannheimia haemo...

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“…They are enveloped viruses with a positive-sense single-stranded RNA genome and chiefly infect the upper respiratory and gastrointestinal tract of mammals and birds (7). Coronaviruses also cause a spectrum of diseases in farm animals and domesticated pets, some of which can be dangerous and are a risk to the farming industry (8)(9)(10)(11)(12). Only 4 bovine coronavirus isolates have been fully sequenced and, hence, the knowledge about the genetics of the virus is still insufficient (13).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of fecal coronavirus antigen in diarrheic calves of high and average producing Holstein dairy cows

Badiei¹

2013

Turk J Vet Anim Sci

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From January to December 2009, 661 fecal samples from natural cases of diarrheic calves were taken by veterinary staff from the Department of Large Animal Internal Medicine of Shiraz Veterinary School and veterinary practitioners in Fars Province, Iran. The samples were taken from 267 diarrheic calves of high-producing dairy cows (HPDCs) and 394 diarrheic calves of average-producing Holstein dairy cows (APDCs). Fecal samples were collected and submitted for the laboratory diagnosis of coronavirus antigens. Herd selection was based on geographical location and density of cattle in the region. All herds had HPDC and APDC coronavirus-infected diarrheic calves in their population. The rate of coronavirus infection in diarrheic APDC calves in the northern region was highest when compared to other geographical locations. It was also found that diarrheic coronavirus-infected HPDC calves in the northern region of Fars Province were at much lower risk of diarrhea than APDC calves in the same region (P < 0.05). Diarrheic coronavirusaffected APDC Holstein calves of younger dams (>2 to 3 years) showed a higher rate of infection when compared to diarrheic HPDC coronavirus-infected calves in the same age group (P < 0.05). It was also found that the proportion of infected coronavirus diarrheic APDC calves decreased with the increased parity of their dams. There was no difference among the occurrence of coronavirus infection in diarrheic HPDC and APDC calves of different herd size groups.

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Association between infection of the respiratory tract attributable to bovine coronavirus and health and growth performance of cattle in feedlots

Abstract: Bovine coronavirus infects feedlot cattle and is associated with an increased risk for cattle developing respiratory tract disease and pulmonary lesions. Development of appropriate control measures could help reduce the incidence of respiratory tract disease.

Cited by 76 publications

References 12 publications

Respiratory Disease Associated with Bovine Coronavirus Infection in Cattle Herds in Southern Italy

Respiratory Disease Associated with Bovine Coronavirus Infection in Cattle Herds in Southern Italy

Estimation of nasal shedding and seroprevalence of organisms known to be associated with bovine respiratory disease in Australian live export cattle

Detection of fecal coronavirus antigen in diarrheic calves of high and average producing Holstein dairy cows

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