Association Between Lipid Profile and Clinical Manifestations in Sickle Cell Anemia: A Systematic Review

Abstract

Every year, 250,000 children with SCA are born worldwide. 2 In Brazil, this number reaches 3,500 new cases/year. 3 being the most frequent hereditary disease in the country. 4 It is a chronic inflammatory disease permeated with acute events, with high morbidity and early mortality. 5 The pathophysiology of SCA is complex, involving changes in lipid metabolism, endothelial dysfunction, and hemolysis, in addition to a chronic inflammatory process. These mechanisms are associated with markers of disease severity.

Lipids and Sickle Cell Disease

“…8 The lipid profile in sickle cell disease has been described in several studies. 9 The presence of hypocholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia is consistent, as demonstrated in Dantas et al 7 The correlation between blood lipid levels and clinical findings and other complementary test findings can help us understand the role lipids play in these patients. Hypocholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia were correlated with more severe anemia and the need for increased transfusion, as well as a higher risk of pulmonary and cardiac complications.…”

“…4 Other possible disease modifiers include: access to the health system, lifestyle, climate, environmental pollution, smoking, and social determinants of health. 2,5 The article by Dantas et al, 7 in the current issue of Int. J. Cardiovasc.…”

“…2022; 35(6), 780-783 Main associations between lipid profile and sickle cell disease'syndrome HDL-C: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; TC: total cholesterol; TG: triglycerides; VLDL-C: very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C: lowdensity lipoprotein cholesterol; BP: blood pressure. Source: Dantas et al7…”

Plasma Lipid Levels in Relation to Disease Severity in Sickle Cell Anaemia in Abakaliki, Southeast Nigeria

“…Table III utilisation during the increased red blood cell synthesis in SCA, dilution by a decrease in erythrocyte bulk, and increased plasma volume and lower cholesterol production due to diminished liver function. [20] In understanding the hypotheses of increased utilisation of cholesterol synthesis during erythropoiesis in SCA, cholesterol is known to be mainly conserved through enterohepatic circulation, and the synthesis of new RBC membranes will likely consume recycled cholesterol from haemolysed erythrocytes. There are also reports of the unknown mechanism of the haemoglobin S gene inducing hypocholesterolaemia.…”