Association between meeting the WCRF/AICR cancer prevention recommendations and colorectal cancer incidence: results from the VITAL cohort

Hastert, Theresa A.; White, Emily

doi:10.1007/s10552-016-0814-6

Cited by 35 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The EPIC study concluded that a one‐point increment in the WCRF/AICR score was associated with 12% reduced CRC risk . A US study found a 58% lower incidence of CRC risk for subjects meeting 4–6 WCRF/AICR recommendations compared to those meeting no recommendations . Another study in the US reported no association between the adherence to WCRF/AICR and CRC risk among African American women though they indicated that the adherence to WCRF/AICR recommendations was very low in the studied population.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Concordance with the World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research recommendations for cancer prevention and colorectal cancer risk in Morocco: A large, population‐based case–control study

Kinany

Huybrechts

Kampman

et al. 2019

Intl Journal of Cancer

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The present study aimed to investigate associations between adherence to the recommendations on cancer prevention from the WCRF/AICR and colorectal cancer (CRC) risk in Morocco. Incident CRC cases (n = 1,516) and controls (n = 1,516) matched on age, sex and center, were recruited between September 2009 and February 2017 at five major hospitals located in Morocco. In‐person interviews were conducted to assess habitual diet using a validated Food Frequency Questionnaire, physical activity and anthropometric measurements. Adherence to the WCRF/AIRC Recommendations was ranged from 0 (no adherence) to 6 (maximal adherence) and incorporating six WCRF/AICR components (food groups, physical activity and BMI). Multivariable odd ratios (ORA) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using conditional multivariate logistic regression models, with low adherence as referent, adjusting for potential confounding factors. Compared to those with the lowest adherence score, individuals in the highest WCRF/AICR score category had a statistically significant reduced risk for colon cancer (ORA = 0.63, 95% CI 0.53–0.76); rectal cancer (ORA = 0.52, 95% CI 0.43–0.63) and CRC overall (ORA = 0.58, 95% CI 0.51–0.66). For individual score components, when comparing the lowest with the highest adherence category, CRC risk was significantly lower in the highest adherence category for body fatness (ORA = 0.73; 95% CI 0.62–0.85), physical activity (ORA = 0.70; 95% CI 0.60–0.82), plant foods (ORA = 0.50; 95% CI 0.39–0.63) and red/processed meat (ORA = 0.81; 95% CI 0.71–0.92). Our analysis indicated that greater adherence to the WCRF/AICR recommendations for cancer prevention may lower CRC risk in Morocco.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Concordance with the World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research recommendations for cancer prevention and colorectal cancer risk in Morocco: A large, population‐based case–control study

Kinany

Huybrechts

Kampman

et al. 2019

Intl Journal of Cancer

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“…Each one-point increase in the score conferred a significant 34% to 58% lower risk for adhering to ≥1 recommendation or 5–6 recommendations respectively, compared to non-adherence. Corresponding results in women were 26% to 55% lower risk and 39% to 59% lower risk in men [39]**. Nomura et al and Makarem et al also calculated recommendation adherence scores in smaller cohort studies but found no association with colorectal cancer risk [40, 41].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Findings from these studies are summarized in Supplemental Table 1. The indices included the following: HEI in three studies [27–29]; AHEI in two studies [27, 28]; DASH in three studies [27, 30, 31]; several versions of the Mediterranean dietary pattern in eight studies [27, 28, 30, 32–36]; healthy Nordic food index in one study [37]; recommended food scores in two studies [28, 38]; WCRF/AICR score in four studies [2, 39–41]; and dietary inflammatory index in seven studies [42–48]. We included in this category, a study that derived four vegetarian dietary patterns based on a priori criteria [49].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Patterns and Colorectal Cancer Risk: a Review of 17 Years of Evidence (2000–2016)

Tabung

Brown

Fung

2017

Curr Colorectal Cancer Rep

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Purpose of review Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a global public health problem, with an estimated 1.4 million cases diagnosed worldwide in 2012. Evidence suggests that diet may be important for primary prevention. Recent findings The 2017 WCRF/AICR Continuous Update Project on colorectal cancer concluded that there is convincing evidence linking several individual dietary factors with CRC risk but the evidence for dietary patterns was limited and inconclusive. Also, previous reviews and meta-analyses have not critically synthesized various dietary patterns. This review synthesized data from dietary patterns studies over a 17-year period from 2000 to 2016. Summary We included 49 studies (28 cohort and 21 case-control) that examined the association of index-based and empirically-derived dietary patterns and CRC risk. A synthesis of food group components comprising the different index-based and empirically-derived patterns revealed two distinct dietary patterns associated with CRC risk. A “healthy” pattern, generally characterized by high intake of fruits and vegetables, wholegrains, nuts and legumes, fish and other seafood, milk and other dairy products, was associated with lower CRC risk. In contrast, the “unhealthy” pattern, characterized by high intakes of red meat, processed meat, sugar-sweetened beverages, refined grains, desserts and potatoes was associated with higher CRC risk. It is notable that the number of food groups, the intake quantity, the exact types of foods in each food group, differed between populations, yet the two dietary patterns remained consistent across regions, especially in empirically-derived patterns, an indication of the high reproducibility of these patterns. However, findings for CRC risk in both index-based and empirically-derived patterns, differed by sex, with stronger associations among men than women; study design, a higher proportion of case-control studies reported significant findings compared to prospective studies. Consuming a dietary pattern high in fruits and vegetables and low in meats and sweets is protective against CRC risk. However, important questions remain about mechanisms underlying differences by sex; life-course timing of exposure to dietary patterns; interaction of dietary patterns with the microbiome or with lifestyle factors including physical activity; and elucidation of subsite differences.

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“…Numerous studies have determined that diet, physical activity level, and body weight influence the incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC), the third most commonly diagnosed cancer in men and women in the United States . African Americans are at increased risk of developing CRC; incidence rates were approximately 21.8% higher among African Americans than whites in 2015 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adherence to the World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research cancer prevention guidelines and colorectal cancer incidence among African Americans and whites: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study

Onyeaghala

Lintelmann

Joshu

et al. 2019

Cancer

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Background Adherence to the World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF)/American Institute for Cancer Research (AICR) cancer prevention recommendations is associated with colorectal cancer (CRC) risk in whites, but only 1 previous study has reported on this link in African Americans. This study assessed the association between the 2018 WCRF/AICR guidelines and CRC incidence in African Americans (26.5%) and whites (73.5%) in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities prospective cohort (n = 13,822). Methods A total of 368 incident CRC cases (268 among whites and 100 among African Americans) were identified between the baseline (1987) and 2012. A baseline adherence score was created for 7 WCRF/AICR guidelines (each contributing 0, 0.5, or 1 point to the score, with higher scores corresponding to greater adherence). Adherence scores were also categorized as tertiles (0.0‐3.0, 3.5‐4.0, and 4.5‐7.0). Cox proportional hazards regression was used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the total cohort and with stratification by race. Results After adjustments for age, sex, race, center, smoking, education, intake of aspirin, calcium, total calories, diabetes status, and, in women, hormone replacement therapy, greater adherence was associated with decreased CRC risk. The HRs per 1‐unit increment in score were 0.88 (95% CI, 0.80‐0.97) for the whole cohort, 0.89 (95% CI, 0.73‐1.09) for African Americans, and 0.88 (95% CI, 0.77‐0.99) for whites. Similar associations between higher adherence scores and decreased cancer risk were observed for men and women and for colon cancer but not for rectal cancer. Conclusions Greater adherence to the cancer prevention recommendations appears to be associated with decreased CRC risk for both African Americans and whites.

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Association between meeting the WCRF/AICR cancer prevention recommendations and colorectal cancer incidence: results from the VITAL cohort

Cited by 35 publications

References 26 publications

Concordance with the World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research recommendations for cancer prevention and colorectal cancer risk in Morocco: A large, population‐based case–control study

Concordance with the World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research recommendations for cancer prevention and colorectal cancer risk in Morocco: A large, population‐based case–control study

Dietary Patterns and Colorectal Cancer Risk: a Review of 17 Years of Evidence (2000–2016)

Adherence to the World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research cancer prevention guidelines and colorectal cancer incidence among African Americans and whites: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study

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