Association between Polymorphism rs1799732 of DRD2 Dopamine Receptor Gene and Personality Traits among Cannabis Dependency

Abstract

Compared to other addictive substances, patients with cannabis addiction are significantly outnumbered by those who report dependence on other, more addictive substances. Unfortunately, most cannabis addiction goes untreated, and among those who choose treatment, the requirements are much higher for adolescents and young adults. The aim of the study: To examine the relationship of cannabinoid dependency in the genetic context—the association between the rs1799732 polymorphism of the DRD2 gene and psychological traits and anxiety. Methods: The study group consisted of 515 male volunteers. Of these, 214 patients were diagnosed with cannabis addiction and 301 were non-addicted. Patients were diagnosed with NEO Five-Factor Personality Inventory (NEO-FFI), and State–Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) questionnaires. The interactions between personality traits and polymorphisms in the DRD2 rs1799732 gene were investigated in a group of cannabis-addicted patients and non-addicted controls using the real-time PCR method. Results: Compared to the control group, the case group obtained significantly higher scores on the STAI State, STAI Trait, Neuroticism and Openness scales, as well as lower scores on the Extraversion, Agreeableness, and Conscientiousness scales. There was no statistically significant difference between addicts and the control group in the frequency of genotypes, but there was a statistically significant difference between addicts and the control group in the frequency of the DRD2 allele rs179973. The multivariate ANOVA analysis showed a statistically significant influence of the DRD2 rs1799732 genotype on the NEO-FFI agreeableness scale and a statistically significant effect of addiction to cannabinoids or its absence on the NEO-FFI agreeableness scale score. Conclusions: Studying homogeneous subgroups—as in our study—seems reasonable, particularly when combined with genetic determinants and psychological traits. In multigenic and multifactorial entities, such a strategy has a future.

OPRM1 Gene Polymorphism in Women with Alcohol Use Disorder

“…The Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview is a structured diagnostic interview used to evaluate psychiatric diagnoses according to DSM-IV and ICD-10 criteria. The Personality Inventory (NEO-FFI Five-Factor Inventory, NEO-FFI) contains six components for each of the five traits—neuroticism (anxiety, hostility, depression, self-awareness, impulsivity, susceptibility to stress), extroversion (warmth, sociability, assertiveness, activity, emotion seeking, positive emotions), openness to experience (fantasy, aesthetics, feelings, actions, ideas, values), agreeableness (trust, straightforwardness, altruism, compliance, modesty, tenderness), and conscientiousness (competence, order, duty, striving for achievements, self-discipline, consideration) [ 53 ].…”

Genetic Aspects of Problematic and Risky Internet Use in Young Men—Analysis of ANKK1, DRD2 and NTRK3 Gene Polymorphism

“…It is well known that addictive drugs increase DA release, but current knowledge suggests that the problem is more complex and cannot be limited to dopaminergic activation. It has been found that the C957T polymorphism (SNP: rs1799732), located in exon 7 of DRD2 (gene map locus 11q23), alters the availability of DRD2 and that a higher frequency of the CC genotype is associated with a higher risk of alcoholism [10,11], nicotine dependence [12], and cannabis dependence [13]. In addition, other studies have found that the NTRK3 rs2229910 gene is a genetic variant that is significantly associated with online gaming disorder [14].…”