Association between sensory function and hop performance and self-reported outcomes in patients with anterior cruciate ligament injury

Abstract

BackgroundIn patients with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) deficiency (ACLD) or reconstruction (ACLR), sensory deficits are commonly assessed as knee kinesthesia using time-consuming laboratory equipment. Portable equipment such as that used for evaluation of vibration sense would be preferable. In contrast to kinesthesia, vibration sense is not well studied in these patients.Objectives1) To study the association between kinesthesia and vibration sense to investigate if one sensory measurement can replace the other; and 2) to determine the clinical relevance by investigating associations between the sensory measurements and functional performance and patient-reported outcomes in patients with ACLD or ACLR.MethodsTwenty patients with ACLD and 33 patients with ACLR were assessed with knee kinesthesia, vibration sense, the one-leg hop test for distance, as well as the Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) and the Tegner Activity Scale.ResultsThere were no significant correlations between kinesthesia and vibration sense (r= −0.267, p>0.269) or between the sensory measures and hop performance (r= −0.351, p>0.199). In patients with ACLD, worse knee kinesthesia was associated with worse scores on KOOS subscales pain (r= −0.464, p=0.046) and activities of daily living (r= −0.491, p=0.033), and worse vibration sense was associated with worse scores on KOOS subscale quality of life (r= −0.469, p=0.037) and worse knee confidence (item Q3 from subscale quality of life) (rs=0.436, p=0.054). In patients with ACLR, worse vibration sense was associated with worse scores on KOOS subscales pain (r= −0.402, p=0.020) and activities of daily living (r= −0.385, p=0.027).ConclusionKinesthesia and vibration sense cannot be used interchangeably as measures of sensory function in patients with ACLD or ACLR. Both sensory measurements were weakly related to hop performance. Adequate sensory function appears to have importance for perceived function in patients with ACLD or ACLR and may therefore be a factor that needs to be addressed in rehabilitation programs for these patients.

Influência das fases do ciclo menstrual no desempenho funcional de mulheres jovens e saudáveis

“…Functional tests have been used to assess components of sports performance (strength, power and agility), to determine the return to sports, evaluate the effectiveness of interventions for neuromuscular training and predict LE injuries 28 . Functional tests of single-limb hops, as SHT and F8T, evaluate motor functionality of individuals because they require postural and neuromuscular control 29 , since they have lateral displacements components (SHT) 14,17 , movements that lead to rotational stress (F8T) 14,15 , in addition to require quick changes of direction and cover physical components such as coordination and speed 17,18 .…”

Factors Associated With Sports Function and Psychological Readiness to Return to Sports at 12 Months After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Cross-sectional Study

“…This study included 15 participants eligible from a previous cohort (data collected in 2016) 12 and 128 participants recruited between 2018 and 2022, who were all part of the longitudinal project. 15 Consequently, a total of 143 participants (n = 72 female) with a mean age of 25.0 ± 5.7 years were included ( Table 1 ). Inclusion criteria were time of approximately 1 year after ACLR (range, 8-16 months), with or without associated injuries, and age of 15 to 35 years.…”

“…In cross-sectional studies, worse hop performance and worse movement quality have been demonstrated to be weakly to moderately related to lower scores on the KOOS Sport and Recreation subscale at 2 to 3 years after ACLR, 21,49 whereas there were no associations between knee muscle strength at 3 years 21 or sensory function at 5 months 15 after ACLR and KOOS Sport and Recreation subscores. Furthermore, evidence for whether there is an association between isokinetic knee strength or hop performance and psychological readiness to RTS at 6 to 12 months after ACLR is inconsistent.…”

Is poor proprioception associated with worse movement quality of the knee in individuals with anterior cruciate ligament deficiency or reconstruction?

“…For example, patients with ACLD exhibit poorer proprioception 17 ) and use different postural and motor control strategies compared to those with ACLR 23 , 24 ) . Poor kinesthesia has also been found related to worse self-reported function in patients with ACLD but not after ACLR 25 ) . Thus, separate analysis of patients with ACLD and ACLR may be warranted in studies on sensorimotor function after ACL injury.…”