Association between Serum Gamma-Glutamyltransferase and Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome Using Data from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study

Lee, Mi Young; Hyon, Dae Sung; Huh, Ji Hye; Kim, Hae Kyung; Han, Sul Ki; Kim, Jang Young; Koh, Sang Baek

doi:10.3803/enm.2019.34.4.390

Cited by 18 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…GGT is a well-known marker of hepatic dysfunction, cholestasis or excessive alcohol consumption[ 3 ]. However, elevated serum levels of GGT are also associated with various diseases, including non-hepatobiliary diseases, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM)[ 4 ], obesity, dyslipidemia, metabolic syndrome[ 5 ], hypertension[ 4 ], chronic kidney disease[ 6 ] and cardiovascular disease[ 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Repeatedly elevated γ-glutamyltransferase levels are associated with an increased incidence of digestive cancers: A population-based cohort study

Lee¹,

Kim²,

Kwak³

2021

WJG

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Repeatedly elevated γ-glutamyltransferase levels are associated with an increased incidence of digestive cancers: A population-based cohort study

Lee¹,

Kim²,

Kwak³

2021

WJG

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“…GGT is routinely utilized in clinical practice to assist clinicians in identifying the presence of liver injury. However, increased serum GGT is reported to be associated with metabolic syndrome (7), chronic kidney disease (8,9), dementia (10,11), and even malignant tumors (12). Recently, GGT has been demonstrated as the hallmark of oxidative stress; this enzyme can induce pro-oxidant reactions, which play an essential role in tumor formation and cell proliferation (13).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression Status and Prognostic Significance of Gamma-Glutamyl Transpeptidase Family Genes in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Tian

Guo

et al. 2021

Front. Oncol.

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PurposeGamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) family genes play crucial roles in the formation and progression of several solid tumors. However, the expression patterns and the prognostic significance of GGT members in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain unknown. This study was designed to determine the expression profiles of GGT family members in HCC and validate the prognostic value of serum GGT protein in patients with HCC.MethodWe comprehensively searched public resources based on the LIHC dataset to determine the expression patterns, prognostic significance, DNA methylation status, immune infiltration, and biological pathways of GGT family genes in HCC. Subsequently, we validated the prognostic value of serum GGT protein in 85 patients with early-stage HCC subjected to curative hepatectomy from the Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University.ResultsExcept for GGT1, other GGT family members (GGT5, GGT6, and GGT7) were found to be differentially expressed in primary HCC samples (N = 371) and normal control tissues (N = 50). Furthermore, a positive relationship was not only observed between GGT1 and GGT5 (Spearman coefficient: 0.24, P = 5.143 × 10−6) but also between GGT5 and GGT6 (Spearman coefficient: 0.38, P = 1.24 × 10−13). The expression of GGT1, GGT5, and GGT7 was correlated with overall survival (OS), and GGT7 was associated with disease-free survival (DFS) in patients with HCC. Negative associations between DNA methylation and expression of mRNA were observed for GGT1 (Spearman coefficient: −0.38, P = 6.24e-14), GGT6 (Spearman coefficient: −0.29, P = 1.23e-8), and GGT7 (Spearman coefficient: −0.34, P=6.7e-11). GGT family genes were well correlated with the infiltration levels of immune cells in HCC, especially CD4+ T cells, macrophages, and dendritic cells. Finally, when validated with clinical data from the Renmin cohort, a high expression of serum GGT protein was identified as a strong prognostic element of unfavorable OS (HR = 3.114, P = 0.025), but not of DFS (HR = 1.198, P = 0.05) in patients with HCC subjected to curative hepatectomy.ConclusionTo our knowledge, this is the first comprehensive analysis of the expression patterns and clinical value of GGT family genes in patients with HCC. Our study laid the foundation for the clinical application of the GGT protein in the survival assessment of patients with HCC.

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“…We defined obesity as a BMI ≥ 25.0 kg/m 2 , according to the World Health Organization Western Pacific Region guideline [ 17 ]. Abdominal obesity was defined as a WC ≥ 85 cm [ 18 ]. Information on smoking status was obtained from a self-reported health survey questionnaire (current smoker, defined as those who had smoked over 5 packs during their lifetime and continued to smoke).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and the risk of insulin-requiring gestational diabetes

You

Han

Lee

et al. 2021

Diabetol Metab Syndr

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Background Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common chronic liver diseases; however, there has been little research into its impact on gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Methods This study included 308,095 women registered in the Korean National Health Insurance Service database, who delivered between 2011 and 2015 and received a health examination within 52 weeks before pregnancy. Insulin-requiring GDM was defined as no insurance claims for diabetes mellitus and a fasting blood glucose level of < 126 mg/dL before pregnancy, and initiation of insulin treatment during pregnancy. A fatty liver index (FLI) was calculated using body mass index, waist circumference, and blood triglyceride and γ-glutamyl transferase levels. FLI scores < 30 ruled out hepatic steatosis, while FLI scores ≥ 60 indicated NAFLD. Results The prevalence of NAFLD was 0.8% (2355/308,095) and 1984 (0.6%) subjects developed insulin-requiring GDM. FLIs of 30–59 and ≥ 60 were significantly associated with increased risk of insulin-requiring GDM (odds ratio [OR] 3.50; 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.99–4.10; OR 4.19; 95% CI 3.37–5.23), respectively. Further exploration of the association of FLI with GDM across FLI decile categories revealed a steady increase in OR across the categories. The association was more prominent among those without metabolic syndrome. Conclusion NAFLD in women is an independent risk factor for insulin-requiring GDM.

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Association between Serum Gamma-Glutamyltransferase and Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome Using Data from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study

Cited by 18 publications

References 40 publications

Repeatedly elevated γ-glutamyltransferase levels are associated with an increased incidence of digestive cancers: A population-based cohort study

Repeatedly elevated γ-glutamyltransferase levels are associated with an increased incidence of digestive cancers: A population-based cohort study

Expression Status and Prognostic Significance of Gamma-Glutamyl Transpeptidase Family Genes in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and the risk of insulin-requiring gestational diabetes

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