Association between serum IgG antibody titers against Porphyromonas gingivalis and liver enzyme levels: A cross-sectional study in Sado Island

Abstract

Background: Previous studies have reported associations between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, periodontitis, and obesity. Serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody titer against Porphyromonas gingivalis, a major pathogen of periodontitis, is an established indicator of periodontal infection. However, the relationship between the antibody titer and liver enzyme levels has not been clarified yet. A study in the elderly was needed to evaluate the effect of long-term persistent bacterial infection on liver function. The objective of this study was to investigate the association between liver function and infection by P. gingivalis, and the effect of obesity on the association. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in adult outpatients visiting Sado General Hospital, in Niigata Prefecture, Japan, from 2008 to 2010. The final participants included 192 men and 196 women (mean age 68.1 years). Multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to assess the association between the serum IgG antibody titer and the levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and γ-glutamine transferase (GGT) levels. Results: In women, serum IgG antibody titers against P. gingivalis was associated with elevated ALT, but not with AST or GGT, independent of covariates (p ¼ 0.015). No significant association was found between the antibody titer and the elevated liver enzymes in men. The effect of obesity on the relationship between antibody titer and liver enzyme levels was not statistically significant. Conclusions: A cross-sectional analysis of adult outpatients suggested an association between P. gingivalis infection and ALT levels in women. The effect of obesity on this association was not statistically significant.

Inflammatory response of gut, spleen, and liver in mice induced by orally administeredPorphyromonas gingivalis

“…A previous study using multivariable linear regression analyses found that periodontitis is significantly associated with serum AST and ALT levels in healthy Japanese women (20–59 years old) [ 67 ]. In another previous study, a significant link between ALT level (68.5 ± 9.4 years old) and serum IgG antibody titer against P. gingivalis was identified in women, but not in men [ 68 ]. Moreover, in patients with NAFLD, no significant differences in serum ALT and AST levels were observed between patients with and without P. gingivalis detected in saliva [ 69 ].…”

UCP2 polymorphisms, daily step count, and number of teeth associated with all-cause mortality risk in Sado City: A hospital-based cohort study

“…Relevant information was obtained through comprehensive interviews with the participants when registering for PROST using a questionnaire encompassing covariates, such as smoking status, alcohol consumption, and disease history ( Supplement 1 ). As describe in a previous report from PROST [ 41 ], the responses to the questionnaire regarding smoking habit were as follows: (1) “I have a smoking habit,” (2) “I used to smoke but stopped,” and (3) “I do not smoke at all.” Past and present smokers were categorized into the “Have smoking habit” group. The responses for alcohol consumption were as follows: (1) “I drink more than 1 day a week,” (2) “I was a drinker before,” (3) “I'm a social drinker” and (4) “I do not drink alcohol at all.” Social drinkers and past drinkers were categorized into the “No drinking habits” and “Drinking habits” groups, respectively.…”

Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver and Periodontal Disease: Is there a Relationship? A Contemporary Review

“…[65] A cross-sectional study suggested an involvement between Pg infection and alanine ALT levels in women. [66] Intravenous injection of sonicated Pg creates glucose tolerance, insulin resistance, and fatty liver in mice fed high-fat diets. [67] A new-dated trial has investigated current periodontal treatment results within the possible changes in endotoxin levels and treat Pg infection to show the improvement status in NAFLD patients.…”