Association between sleep and severe periodontitis in a nationally representative adult US population

Abstract

BackgroundPoor sleep behavior appears to have adverse effects on health by metabolic disruption and immunity suppression. Sleep disturbance is strongly associated with diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and some cancers. This study aimed to evaluate the association between sleep duration and periodontal disease in a national US population study in a National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).MethodsThe data were collected from individuals aged ≥30 years and included 3,624 participants in the United States NHANES 2013 to 2014. A weighted multivariable logistic regression modeling quantified the association between sleep and severe periodontal disease. We tested for diabetes as an effect modifier, adjusting for potential confounders such as smoking status, sex, age, education level, and dental visit.ResultsIndividuals who sleep >7 hours/night with no trouble sleeping are 40% less likely to have severe periodontal disease (odds ratio [OR] = 0.6, P < 0.05), adjusting for age, sex, smoking status, FPL, education level, and dental visit. Additionally, diabetes was a significant positive effect modifier of the relationship between sleep and severe periodontal disease (OR = 4.8, P < 0.05).ConclusionsFindings of this cross‐sectional representative study of an adult US population revealed a statistically significant association between sleep duration and severe periodontitis. In this study, individuals who slept >7 hours/night were less likely to exhibit severe periodontal disease. It also seems that this relationship was stronger among individuals with diabetes compared with individuals without diabetes.

Association between Sleep Quality and Duration and Periodontal Disease among University Students: A Cross-Sectional Study

“…Several cross-sectional studies have reported an association between sleep quality and duration, and periodontal disease among different age groups (mean age in each group; ≥ 30 years) [9][10][11][12][13][14]. However, our results coincided with those of only one previous report [15].…”

“…Moreover, in this study, we excluded a very small number of smokers and alcohol drinkers because there is evidence of influence of smoking and drinking on sleep quality and duration [27,28]. By contrast, some previous studies treated these behaviours as covariates [9][10][11]14].…”

“…An animal study suggested that deep sleep deprivation increases alveolar bone loss and gingival inflammation [8]. Recent cross-sectional studies suggested that poor sleep quality and/or duration are associated with the prevalence of periodontitis [9][10][11][12][13][14]. However, a nationally representative study of participants aged ≥ 30 years reported that there is no significant association between periodontal disease and poor sleep [15].…”

<p>Sleep Time Duration Does Not Affect Oral Inflammation and Periodontal Health Status in Night-Shift Workers: A Cross-Sectional Study</p>

“…14 Sleep disturbance and sleep time duration in night-shift workers may thus have a relationship with periodontal health status, and diabetes may modify this association. 15 No previous evidence-based data exists regarding the effects of sleep time duration on oral inflammation and periodontal health status in night-shift workers. On this basis, an analysis of sleep time duration in night-shift workers in relation to salivary melatonin and its effects on salivary MDA and salivary TNF-α as oral inflammation indicators, together with depth of pocket and bleeding on probing (BOP) as periodontal health status indicators, need to be performed.…”

Association between periodontal disease and non-apnea sleep disorder: a systematic review

“…A majority of the included studies (N = 8) investigated the association between short sleep duration and periodontal disease. The results of four studies showed that periodontal disease was directly related to short sleep duration [32,34,37,42]. Although the remaining four studies reported no significant association between periodontitis and sleep duration in fully adjusted models, two of them showed a significant association in unadjusted model and one of them showed an obvious trend in this regard [33,40,43,44].…”