Association between the Circulating Total Osteocalcin Level and the Development of Cardiovascular Disease in Middle-aged Men: A Mean 8.7-year Longitudinal Follow-up Study

Abstract

Aim: Recent studies have suggested that the serum osteocalcin level is associated with various cardiovascular risk factors. The aim of this study was to determine whether the serum total osteocalcin level is associated with the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Methods: A total of 1,290 men 40-78 years of age were enrolled. The subjects were followed regularly at the Health Promotion Center on an outpatient basis and during hospitalization for a mean of 8.7 years, and the incidence of CVD (coronary heart disease [CHD] and stroke) was determined. Results: At baseline, the body mass index, body fat percentage, fasting glucose, homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance, triglyceride and non-high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels were inversely and the HDL cholesterol levels were positively associated with the serum osteocalcin levels. In addition, the prevalence of diabetes or metabolic syndrome decreased as the osteocalcin tertile increased. However, no differences were observed in the prevalence of hypertension across the osteocalcin tertiles. Incident CVD occurred in 74 (5.7%) of the study subjects (29 patients with CHD and 47 patients with stroke). According to the Cox proportional hazards models, however, there were no statistical differences in the development of stroke, CHD or CVD across the osteocalcin tertiles after adjusting for other risk factors for CVD, including age, body mass index, current smoking, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, diabetes, hypertension and the serum creatinine level. Conclusion: In conclusion, the serum total osteocalcin level was not associated with the development of CVD after adjusting for other risk factors for CVD in this cohort.J Atheroscler Thromb, 2015; 22:136-143.

Relationship between serum osteocalcin level and carotid intima-media thickness in a metabolically healthy Chinese population

“…Thus, a follow-up study of 1290 Korean men found that the serum osteocalcin level was not associated with the development of CVD, even after adjustment for other risk factors for CVD [29]. Another 4.1-year follow-up study also reported no association between plasma osteocalcin level and CVD in younger-old subjects (65–74 years) [13].…”

Association of Serum Osteocalcin with Insulin Resistance and Coronary Atherosclerosis

“…[10] Similarly, a cross-sectional study has reported that osteocalcin concentration in postmenopausal women was positively correlated with the prevalence of coronary atherosclerosis, contrary to the results of previous studies. [27] There has also been a report that in both healthy men and premenopausal and postmenopausal women, osteocalcin has no independent correlation with the carotid intima-media thickness.…”

“…[6789] Although these studies have shown that osteocalcin concentration in the blood may be independently correlated with increased risk of cardiovascular diseases, the results lack consistency; there have been other reports suggesting no relation of osteocalcin to the incidence of cardiovascular diseases. [10]…”

Association of serum osteocalcin levels with major adverse cardiovascular events: A 4.4‐year retrospective cohort study

“…However, not all cohort studies have found a significant relationship between serum osteocalcin levels and the incidence of cardiovascular events. A longitudinal follow‐up study in Korea with a mean follow‐up period of 8.7 years found that serum osteocalcin levels were not associated with the development of CAD in 1290 middle‐aged and elderly men (40‐78 years) . Holvik et al.…”

“…Cohort studies have not yet provided consistent conclusions regarding the associations between serum osteocalcin levels and CAD morbidity and mortality. This is perhaps because of the differences in populations or races, serum osteocalcin measurement, and the diagnostic criteria for CAD …”