Association between the MTHFR C677T gene polymorphism and essential hypertension in South West Cameroon

Abstract

ABSTRACT. The association of the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T gene polymorphism and essential hypertension has been reported but with controversial results in diverse populations in Asia and Europe, thereby suggesting a dependency on ethnicity. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between the MTHFR C677T polymorphism and essential hypertension in a Cameroonian population (Bantu ethnic group) of the South West Region. Analysis of anthropometric and biochemical data in hypertensive and normotensive subjects revealed that age, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, lowdensity lipoprotein cholesterol, serum total cholesterol, and triglycerides are independent risk factors for essential hypertension. Substitution of thymine for cytosine at position 667 of the MTHFR gene was determined by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. Genotype frequencies were found to be 7.3% CC, 58.5% CT, and 34.1% TT for hypertensive subjects compared to 90.0% CC, 10.0% CT, and 0.0% TT for normotensives. Allele frequencies were obtained as 36.6% C and 63.4% T for hypertensive subjects and 95.0% C and 5.0% T for normotensive subjects. These results reveal that the T allele predisposes individuals to hypertension. Therefore, there is an association between variants of the MTHFR gene and hypertension in Cameroonian patients from the South West region.

Genetic factors contributing to hypertension in African‐based populations: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

“…The polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism was a genotyping method of choice for most studies (55.3%). Five studies did not provide covariates adjustment, while six reported P values without effect estimates (Table ). Some investigators included multiethnic populations, but participants were stratified by tribes or chiefdoms in only one study …”

“…For example, AGT ‐T147M was investigated in Algerian and Ghanaian populations, and demonstrated association with both SBP and DBP only in Ghanaians. On the other hand, MTFHR‐ 677C>T was studied in Algerians and Cameroonians with no evidence of association in both populations, while in Moroccans an increased risk of hypertension was found in TT carriers . One polymorphism ( NPCR ‐55C>A) had low minor allele frequency and could not be assessed for its role in hypertension .…”

Arterial Hypertension and Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase C677T Gene Polymorphism

“…Проведенный мета-анализ 27 исследований с участием 5 418 пациентов с эссенциальной АГ и 4 997 лиц с нормальным АД показал наличие взаимосвязи полиморфизма C677T гена MTHFR с заболеванием, особенно в популяциях стран Азии и Европы [16]. По результатам молекулярно-генетических исследований, выполненных у пациентов с АГ из Марокко и Камеруна, также была обнаружена взаимосвязь носительства мутантного ТТ генотипа (C677T) гена MTHFR с развитием заболевания в отличие от генотипа СС; при этом ОШ увеличивалось более чем в 5 раз [17,18]. Широко обсуждается роль изучаемого полиморфизма гена MTHFR в предрасположенности к развитию инсульта, поскольку существуют данные проспективных наблюдений с большим количеством участников.…”

Genetic Aspects of Modifiable Risk Factors Associated With Arterial Hypertension by the Example of the Indigenous Population of Mountain Shoriya

“…Согласно последним данным, гипергомоцистеинемия ассоциирована с высоким риском развития АГ и нарушений липидного обмена [26,27]. Наиболее изученная генетическая поломка -мутация гена 5,10-метилентетрагидрофолатредуктазы (MTHFR).…”