Association Between Triglyceride Glucose Index and Risk of New-Onset Diabetes Among Chinese Adults: Findings From the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study

Abstract

The triglyceride glucose (TyG) index has been proposed to be a surrogate of insulin resistance. In the present study, we aimed to examine the relationship between TyG index and the risk of incident diabetes in middle-age and older adults in China using nationally representative data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study 2011–2015. Information on socio-demographics, medical background, anthropometric measurement, and laboratory information were collected. The association between TyG index and diabetes was examined by Cox proportional hazards models and restricted cubic spline regression, and the results were presented in hazard ratio (HR) with 95% confidence interval (CI). Subgroup analyses were also conducted to examine potential interactions between demographics and TyG index. Among 7,428 participants, 791 (10.6%) of them developed diabetes over 3.4 years of follow-up. The multivariate HR for every SD increment in TyG index was 1.22 (95% CI, 1.14–1.31). When comparing to the lowest quartile of TyG index, the multivariate HRs for new-onset diabetes were 1.22 (0.96–1.54) for Q2, 1.61 (1.28–2.01) for Q3, and 1.73 (1.38–2.16) for Q4 (P for trend <0.001). The restricted cubic spline regression also showed a linear association. No interaction was found between subgroup variables and the association between TyG index and the risk of diabetes. In conclusion, higher TyG index associated with the elevated risk of new-onset diabetes in middle-aged and older adults.

Hypertriglyceridemia as an Independent Predictor for Ten-Year Incidence of Diabetes in Thais

“…However, participants with conventional risks of DM, including male gender, age of more than 60 years, and higher BMI, tended to have a more prominent association between hypertriglyceridemia and the development of DM. These findings were consistent with recent study in China 24 and suggested that triglyceride level, in addition to the other well-recognized risk factors, should be considered as an adjunctive variable in the predictive model of DM. For personal use only.…”

Associations Between the Metabolic Score for Insulin Resistance Index and the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Among Non-Obese Adults: Insights from a Population-Based Cohort Study

“…19 However, none of these techniques are inexpensive and cannot be used in large epidemiological studies. 22 Therefore, a simpler, more accurate, and more practical IR metric is needed. In recent years, the metabolic score for insulin resistance (METS-IR) index, considering fasting plasma glucose (FPG), lipid profile, and adiposity index has gained increasing interest as a simple indicator of IR because of its good correlation with HOMA-IR and its ability to better detect insulin sensitivity.…”

Phenotyping the Prediabetic Population—A Closer Look at Intermediate Glucose Status and Cardiovascular Disease

“…Raised waist to height ratio > 0.5 was independently associated with a high risk of prediabetes in both genders [116]. The triglyceride glucose (TyG) index (TyG index = Ln[(triglyceride(mg/dL) × glucose(mg/dL)/2]) was also best correlated with prediabetes in both sexes [117,118] in comparison with obesity indices of BMI and waist, lipid profiles of TG, and HDL-C, TG/HDL-C, and was superior to FPG in female and obese patients [119]. In other studies, triglyceride glucose-waist circumference (WC) index (TyG-WC = TyG index × WC (cm)) had the highest predictability in females, closely followed by lipid accumulation product (LAP), a novel lipid combined anthropometric index used as a surrogate of visceral obesity and insulin resistance, derived from a gender-specific formula by merging WC and TG [120].…”