Association of Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo with Osteoporosis and Vitamin D Deficiency: A Case Controlled Study

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is a common type of vertigo caused by the peripheral vestibular system. The majority of cases are accepted as idiopathic. Calcium metabolism also plays a primary role in the synthesis/absorption of otoconia made of calcium carbonate and thus might be an etiological factor in the onset of BPPV. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of osteoporosis and vitamin D in the etiology of BPPV by comparing BPPV patients with hospital-based controls. MATERIALS and METHODS:This is a case-control study comparing the prevalence of osteoporosis and vitamin D deficiency in 78 BPPV patients and 78 hospital-based controls. The mean T-scores and serum vitamin D levels were compared. The risk factors of osteoporosis, physical activity, diabetes mellitus, body mass index, and blood pressure were all compared between the groups. To avoid selection bias, the groups were stratified as subgroups according to age, sex, and menopausal status. RESULTS:In this study, the rates of osteoporosis and vitamin D deficiency detected in BPPV patients were reasonably high. But there was no significant difference in mean T-scores and vitamin D levels, osteoporosis, and vitamin D deficiency prevalence between the BPPV group and controls. CONCLUSION:The prevalence of osteoporosis and vitamin D deficiency is reasonably high in the general population. Unlike the general tendencies in the literature, our study suggests that osteoporosis and vitamin D deficiency are not risk factors for BPPV; we conclude that the coexistence of BPPV with osteoporosis and vitamin D deficiency is coincidental.

Seasonality and Cardio-Cerebrovascular Risk Factors for Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo

“…Calcium is the main component of otoconia crystals and Vitamin D is required for its regulation (20). A series of clinical observational studies showed that vitamin D levels were decreased in BPPV (13,21,22). Compared with the non-cold season, there is less sunlight time and a lower ultraviolet index, leading to decreased vitamin D levels in the cold season.…”

Analysis of Vitamin D and Calcium Levels in Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo

“…The study by Karataş et al (9) indicated that prevalence of osteoporosis and vitamin D deficiency is reasonably high in the general population, and the coexistence of BPPV with osteoporosis and vitamin D deficiency is coincidental. In a similar vein, Kahraman et al (10) indicated that vitamin D deficiency and decreased ionized Ca level may be a risk for BPPV, not only in patients with osteoporosis but also in all patients.…”

Association of Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo with Osteoporosis and Vitamin D Deficiency – A Case-Control Study

“…It is the most common type of vertigo caused by the peripheral vestibular system. It has been reported to affect women 2 times more often than men, and it is predominantly observed in postmenopausal women [1]. There is limited knowledge related to specific factors causing BPPV.…”

“…However, certain predisposing factors include old age, whiplash injuries, and viral etiology. Recently, a familial tendency has also been identified as a predisposing factor for BPPV [1]. This Over the last 2 decades, several studies have been performed on the possible role of altered calcium metabolism in the pathogenesis of BPPV.…”