Association of Bone Mineral Density and Sex Hormone Levels with Osteoarthritis of the Hand and Knee in Premenopausal Women

Sowers, MaryFran; Hochberg, Marc C.; Crabbe, J P; Muhich, Anthony; Crutchfield, Mary; Updike, Sharon

doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a008655

Cited by 128 publications

(88 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The hip and knee joints have been most studied, with several groups finding evidence of higher systemic BMD in those with OA at these joint sites in a variety of populations. [7][8][9][10][11] Higher BMD has also been reported in association with OA of the spine 10,12 and hand. 9,10,13 A limitation of cross-sectional studies is that the direction of causality cannot be formally assessed.…”

Section: Bmd and Oa: The Epidemiological Evidence For An Associationmentioning

confidence: 94%

Osteoarthritis and bone mineral density: are strong bones bad for joints?

et al. 2015

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Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common and disabling joint disorder affecting millions of people worldwide. In OA, pathological changes are seen in all of the joint tissues including bone. Although both cross-sectional and longitudinal epidemiological studies have consistently demonstrated an association between higher bone mineral density (BMD) and OA, suggesting that increased BMD is a risk factor for OA, the mechanisms underlying this observation remain unclear. Recently, novel approaches to examining the BMD-OA relationship have included studying the disease in individuals with extreme high bone mass, and analyses searching for genetic variants associated with both BMD variation and OA, suggesting possible pleiotropic effects on bone mass and OA risk. These studies have yielded valuable insights into potentially relevant pathways that might one day be exploited therapeutically. Although animal models have suggested that drugs reducing bone turnover (antiresorptives) may retard OA progression, it remains to be seen whether this approach will prove to be useful in human OA. Identifying individuals with a phenotype of OA predominantly driven by increased bone formation could help improve the overall response to these treatments. This review aims to summarise current knowledge regarding the complex relationship between BMD and OA.

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Section: Bmd and Oa: The Epidemiological Evidence For An Associationmentioning

confidence: 94%

Osteoarthritis and bone mineral density: are strong bones bad for joints?

et al. 2015

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“…Women with low bone density have a higher incidence of fractures, and may be at greater risk of other bony defects which may affect joints. Alternatively, high bone density is associated with osteophytic osteoarthritis, 5,6 and therefore high bone density might be associated with joint symptoms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors associated with joint pain among postmenopausal women

et al. 1997

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OBJECTIVES: To investigate potential factors associated with joint pain among postmenopausal women. DESIGN: Population-based cross-sectional study. SUBJECTS: Six hundred and ninety postmenopausal Japanese±American women from the Hawaii Osteoporosis Study (age: 55±93 y). MEASUREMENTS: Data for this study were collected at the 1992±1994 examination of the Hawaii Osteoporosis Study, except that data on spinal osteoarthritis were obtained based on radiographs at examinations before 1987. Information on painful joints at a variety of skeletal sites, smoking, and physical activity was collected by questionnaire. Bone density was measured at the lumbar spine, distal and proximal radius, and heel. Quantitative bone ultrasound was also measured at the heel. Prevalent vertebral fractures were identi®ed on lateral spine radiographs using 3 s.d. below the normal population mean as the cutoff. Non-spine fractures were identi®ed based on self-report, and were veri®ed using medical records. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: In this cross-sectional analysis, bone density, quantitative bone ultrasound, prevalent vertebral fractures, and non-spine fractures were not signi®cantly associated with joint pain. Greater body weight or body mass index were signi®cantly and positively associated with joint pain at most weight-bearing joints. The results suggest that a substantial proportion of joint pain at these sites could be prevented by avoidance of excess weight, provided the association is causative. Longitudinal studies are needed to con®rm the observed cross-sectional associations.

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“…Data collected from a multidisciplinary hand clinic in London showed that 80% of the patients were women and the majority had developed their symptoms within 4 years of reaching menopause or stopping their menopause hormone therapy (MHT) 3 . This association has also been seen in young women with an early menopause and in those taking aromatase inhibitors after breast cancer 4 . If estrogen does indeed slow OA progression and reduce pain and stiffness, how is this mediated?…”

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confidence: 72%