Association of Candida albicans and Cbp+ Streptococcus mutans with early childhood caries recurrence

Garcia, Bruna Albuquerque; Acosta, Natalia; Tomar, Scott L.; Roesch, Luiz Fernando Würdig; Lemos, José A.; Mugayar, Leda; Abranches, Jacqueline

doi:10.1038/s41598-021-90198-3

Cited by 41 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…One explanation could be due to the difference in preferred binding sites of S. mutans and C. albicans . S. mutans adheres to the tooth surfaces and often accumulates at the carious lesion [ 32 , 33 ]. Therefore, restoring cavitated teeth reduced the binding sites for S. mutans in the oral cavity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Candida albicans, Streptococcus mutans and oral health conditions following Prenatal Total Oral Rehabilitation among underserved pregnant women

Jang

Jallad

et al. 2021

Heliyon

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Objectives To assess the oral health condition and oral microbial outcomes from receiving an innovative treatment regimen - Prenatal Total Oral Rehabilitation (PTOR). Methods This prospective cohort study included 15 pregnant women in the PTOR group who had a baseline visit before PTOR and three follow-up visits (immediate after, 2 weeks and 2 months) after receiving PTOR. A historical control group of additional 15 pregnant women was matched from a separate study based on a propensity score. Along with demographic and medical background, oral health conditions and perinatal oral health literacy were assessed. Oral samples (saliva and plaque) were analyzed to identify and quantify Streptococcus mutans and Candida species by culturing-dependent and -independent methods. Results Significant reductions of salivary S. mutans were observed following PTOR, the effect remained until 2-month follow-up ( p < 0.05). The carriage of salivary and plaque S. mutans at the 2-month visit of the PTOR group was significantly lower than that of the control group ( p < 0.05). Oral health conditions reflected by BOP and PI were significantly improved upon receiving PTOR ( p < 0.05). Receiving PTOR significantly improved the perinatal oral health literacy score, and the knowledge retained until 2-month follow-up ( p < 0.05). Conclusions PTOR is associated with an improvement in oral health conditions and perinatal oral health literacy, and a reduction in S. mutans carriage, within a 2-month follow-up period. Future clinical trials are warranted to comprehensively assess the impact of PTOR on the maternal oral flora other than S. mutans and Candida , birth outcomes, and their offspring's oral health.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Candida albicans, Streptococcus mutans and oral health conditions following Prenatal Total Oral Rehabilitation among underserved pregnant women

Jang

Jallad

et al. 2021

Heliyon

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“…mutans antigen I/II (Yang et al ., 2018), S . mutans collagen‐binding proteins (Garcia et al ., 2021), deletion of the S . mutans delta subunit of RNA polymerase (RpoE) (Xue et al ., 2011), C .…”

Section: Candida–bacterial Biofilm‐associated Oral Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among various fermentable sugars, sucrose is considered the most cariogenic (Leme et al, 2006) due to its contribution to biofilm formation and development by serving as a substrate for the production of extracellular polysaccharides (EPS) (Bowen et al, 2018). While bacteria have been traditionally considered as a major component of the aetiology of dental caries (Thomas et al, 2012;Wolff et al, 2013;Sim on-Soro and Mira, 2015), many recent studies revealed that C. albicans are often detected from plaque biofilms, particularly in children with severe early childhood caries (Hajishengallis et al, 2017;Jean et al, 2018;Xiao et al, 2018;Garcia et al, 2021). Specifically, synergistic interaction between C. albicans and cariogenic bacterium Streptococcus mutans is heavily studied in vitro and in vivo in the context of dental caries (Falsetta et al, 2014;Ellepola et al, 2017;He et al, 2017;Hwang et al, 2017;Kim et al, 2017).…”

Section: Dental Cariesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, one study revealed that the removal of extracellular DNA disrupted the initial stage of cross-kingdom biofilm formation (Guo et al, 2021). Other studies suggested that S. mutans antigen I/II (Yang et al, 2018), S. mutans collagen-binding proteins (Garcia et al, 2021), deletion of the S. mutans delta subunit of RNA polymerase (RpoE) (Xue et al, 2011), C. albicans-derived polysaccharide biofilm matrix (Khoury et al, 2020), or the presence of alkaloid nicotine (Liu et al, 2017) can boost the C. albicans-S. mutans cross-kingdom biofilm formation.…”

Section: Dental Cariesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While bacteria have been traditionally considered as a major component of the aetiology of dental caries (Thomas et al ., 2012; Wolff et al ., 2013; Simón‐Soro and Mira, 2015), many recent studies revealed that C . albicans are often detected from plaque biofilms, particularly in children with severe early childhood caries (Hajishengallis et al ., 2017; Jean et al ., 2018; Xiao et al ., 2018; Garcia et al ., 2021). Specifically, synergistic interaction between C .…”

Section: Candida–bacterial Biofilm‐associated Oral Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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In it together: Candida–bacterial oral biofilms and therapeutic strategies

Hwang

2022

Environ Microbiol Rep

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Summary Under natural environmental settings or in the human body, the majority of microorganisms exist in complex polymicrobial biofilms adhered to abiotic and biotic surfaces. These microorganisms exhibit symbiotic, mutualistic, synergistic, or antagonistic relationships with other species during biofilm colonization and development. These polymicrobial interactions are heterogeneous, complex and hard to control, thereby often yielding worse outcomes than monospecies infections. Concerning fungi, Candida spp., in particular, Candida albicans is often detected with various bacterial species in oral biofilms. These Candida‐bacterial interactions may induce the transition of C. albicans from commensal to pathobiont or dysbiotic organism. Consequently, Candida–bacterial interactions are largely associated with various oral diseases, including dental caries, denture stomatitis, periodontitis, peri‐implantitis, and oral cancer. Given the severity of oral diseases caused by cross‐kingdom consortia that develop hard‐to‐remove and highly drug‐resistant biofilms, fundamental research is warranted to strategically develop cost‐effective and safe therapies to prevent and treat cross‐kingdom interactions and subsequent biofilm development. While studies have shed some light, targeting fungal‐involved polymicrobial biofilms has been limited. This mini‐review outlines the key features of Candida–bacterial interactions and their impact on various oral diseases. In addition, current knowledge on therapeutic strategies to target Candida–bacterial polymicrobial biofilms is discussed.

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Living together: The role of Candida albicans in the formation of polymicrobial biofilms in the oral cavity

Rapała‐Kozik

Surowiec

Juszczak

et al. 2023

Yeast

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The oral cavity of humans is colonized by diversity of microbial community, although dominated by bacteria, it is also constituted by a low number of fungi, often represented by Candida albicans. Although in the vast minority, this usually commensal fungus under certain conditions of the host (e.g., immunosuppression or antibiotic therapy), can transform into an invasive pathogen that adheres to mucous membranes and also to medical or dental devices, causing mucosal infections. This transformation is correlated with changes in cell morphology from yeast‐like cells to hyphae and is supported by numerous virulence factors exposed by C. albicans cells at the site of infection, such as multifunctional adhesins, degradative enzymes, or toxin. All of them affect the surrounding host cells or proteins, leading to their destruction. However, at the site of infection, C. albicans can interact with different bacterial species and in its filamentous form may produce biofilms—the elaborated consortia of microorganisms, that present increased ability to host colonization and resistance to antimicrobial agents. In this review, we highlight the modification of the infectious potential of C. albicans in contact with different bacterial species, and also consider the mutual bacterial‐fungal relationships, involving cooperation, competition, or antagonism, that lead to an increase in the propagation of oral infection. The mycofilm of C. albicans is an excellent hiding place for bacteria, especially those that prefer low oxygen availability, where microbial cells during mutual co‐existence can avoid host recognition or elimination by antimicrobial action. However, these microbial relationships, identified mainly in in vitro studies, are modified depending on the complexity of host conditions and microbial dominance in vivo.

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Association of Candida albicans and Cbp+ Streptococcus mutans with early childhood caries recurrence

Cited by 41 publications

References 48 publications

Changes in Candida albicans, Streptococcus mutans and oral health conditions following Prenatal Total Oral Rehabilitation among underserved pregnant women

Changes in Candida albicans, Streptococcus mutans and oral health conditions following Prenatal Total Oral Rehabilitation among underserved pregnant women

In it together: Candida–bacterial oral biofilms and therapeutic strategies

Living together: The role of Candida albicans in the formation of polymicrobial biofilms in the oral cavity

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