Association of dietary magnesium intake and glycohemoglobin with mortality risk in diabetic patients

Wang, Hung‐Wei; Huang, Yun-Ting; Jiang, Ming-Yan

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0277180

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Not only does lower magnesium intake per day increase the prevalence of diabetes mellitus, but it has also been linked to a higher mortality in these patients. Wang et al [ 40 ] found in a retrospective analysis on 2045 diabetic subjects (average age of 52.9 ± 10.1 years, a mean body mass index of 33.6 ± 8 kg/sqm) that an intake of less than 250 mg/day increased the risk both of all-cause mortality and of mortality of other causes excluding cardiovascular and neoplasia [ 40 ]. This connection was also shown in a prospective study on 4699 diabetic individuals whereas higher dietary magnesium intake was associated with lower all-cause mortality [ 41 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To conclude, we identified three studies related to the daily dietary determinant and diabetic complications (n = 3 studies of different designs, namely, one cross-sectional, one prospective, and another case–control study) in terms of retinopathy (n = 1, N = 3794) and nephropathy (n = 2, N = 4805) that suggested a lower intake was associated with a higher risk of such complications. Additionally, two other studies (one prospective and one retrospective cohort) focused on mortality (N = 6744), which, taking only certain mortality indicators into consideration, might be decreased in the subgroups with a higher micronutrient intake ( Table 4 ) [ 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Inquiry of the Metabolic Traits in Relationship with Daily Magnesium Intake: Focus on Type 2 Diabetic Population

Gheorghe,

Ciobica,

Nistor

et al. 2024

Clinics and Practice

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Magnesium (Mg), an essential nutrient with a wide area of physiological roles, stands as a cofactor in over 600 enzymatic reactions involved in the synthesis of proteins and nucleic acids, DNA repair, neuromuscular functions, neuronal transmission, cardiac rhythm regulation, and the modulation of metabolic pathways, as well as acting as a natural blocker for the calcium channels. Our objective was to highlight the most recent clinical data with respect to daily Mg intake (DMI) and metabolic traits, particularly type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). This was a PubMed-based review of the English-language medical papers across different key terms of search; the time frame was from January 2019 until April 2024. We included (clinically relevant) original studies and excluded cases reports, series, reviews, editorials, opinion, experimental studies, and non-human data as well as studies that did not specifically assessed DMI and only provided assays of serum Mg, studies on patients diagnosed with type 1 or secondary DM. A total of 30 studies were included and we organized the key findings into several sections as follows. Studies investigating DMI in relationship with the adherence to local recommendations in diabetic subjects (n = 2, one transversal and another retrospective cohort; N = 2823) found that most of them had lower DMI. Deficient DMI was correlated with the risk of developing/having DM across five studies (n = 5, one prospective and four of cross-sectional design; N = 47,166). An inverse correlation between DMI and DM prevalence was identified, but these data are presented amid a rather heterogeneous spectrum. Four novel studies (N = 7279) analysed the relationship between DMI and DM control according to various methods (HbA1c, fasting and postprandial glycaemia, and insulin); the association may be linear in diabetic subjects only at certain levels of DMI; additionally, the multifactorial influence on HBA1c should take into consideration this dietary determinant, as well, but there are no homogenous results. Three studies concerning DMI and diabetic complications (one cross-sectional, one prospective, and another case–control study) in terms of retinopathy (n = 1, N = 3794) and nephropathy (n = 2, N = 4805) suggested a lower DMI was associated with a higher risk of such complications. Additionally, two other studies (one prospective and one retrospective cohort) focused on mortality (N = 6744), which, taking only certain mortality indicators into consideration, might be decreased in the subgroups with a higher DMI. Seven studies (N = 30,610) analysed the perspective of DMI in the general population with the endpoint of different features amid glucose profile, particularly, insulin resistance. Concerning HOMA-IR, there were three confirmatory studies and one non-confirmatory, while fasting plasma glucose was highlighted as inversely correlated with a DMI (n = 1). The highest level of evidence regarding Mg supplementation effects on glucose metabolism stands on seven randomised controlled trials (N = 350). However, the sample size was reduced (from 14 to 86 individuals per study, either diabetic or pre-diabetic) and outcomes were rather discordant. These clinical aspects are essential from a multidisciplinary perspective and further trials are mandatory to address the current areas of discordant results.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inquiry of the Metabolic Traits in Relationship with Daily Magnesium Intake: Focus on Type 2 Diabetic Population

Gheorghe,

Ciobica,

Nistor

et al. 2024

Clinics and Practice

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“…We recalculated the results of meta-analyses that used a fixed effect model, or did not provide I² values or forest plots, to ensure valid meta-estimates with 95% confidence intervals to provide an evaluation of the certainty of evidence based on the GRADEpro The main limitation of our umbrella review was that recently published randomised controlled trials not yet included in systematic reviews and metaanalyses were not considered in our report. [56][57][58] Also, we did not explore subgroup analyses (eg, by sex, race, or duration of diabetes) or sensitivity analyses (eg, excluding studies with a high risk of bias). We used the DerSimonian and Laird approach 28 for recalculation of extracted estimates with the random effects meta-analyses, but the Hartung and Knapp method might perform better in terms of more adequate error rates, especially when the number of studies was small.…”

Section: Strengths and Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diet in the management of type 2 diabetes: umbrella review of systematic reviews with meta-analyses of randomised controlled trials

Szczerba,

Barbaresko,

Schiemann

et al. 2023

bmjmed

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ObjectiveTo systematically summarise and evaluate the existing evidence on the effect of diet on the management of type 2 diabetes and prevention of complications.DesignUmbrella review of systematic reviews with meta-analyses of randomised controlled trials.Data sourcesPubMed, Embase, Epistemonikos, and Cochrane, from inception up to 5 June 2022.Eligibility criteria for selecting studiesSystematic reviews with meta-analyses of randomised controlled trials reporting summary effect estimates on the effect of diet on any health outcome in populations with type 2 diabetes were included in the review. Only meta-analyses with randomised controlled trials with the duration of at least 12 weeks were eligible for inclusion. Summary data were extracted by two investigators independently. Summary effect estimates with 95% confidence intervals were recalculated with a random effects model if the information provided was insufficient. Methodological quality was assessed with the A MeaSurement Tool to Assess systematic Reviews (AMSTAR) 2 tool and the certainty of evidence with the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluations (GRADE) approach.Results88 publications with 312 meta-analyses of randomised controlled trials were included. Methodological quality was high to moderate in 23% and low to very low in 77% of the included publications. A high certainty of evidence was found for the beneficial effects of liquid meal replacement on reducing body weight (mean difference −2.37 kg, 95% confidence interval −3.30 to −1.44; n=9 randomised controlled trials included in the meta-analysis) and body mass index (−0.87, −1.32 to −0.43; n=8 randomised controlled trials), and of a low carbohydrate diet (<26% of total energy) on levels of haemoglobin A1c(−0.47%, −0.60% to −0.34%; n=17 randomised controlled trials) and triglycerides (−0.30 mmol/L, −0.43 to −0.17; n=19 randomised controlled trials). A moderate certainty of evidence was found for the beneficial effects of liquid meal replacement, plant based, Mediterranean, high protein, low glycaemic index, and low carbohydrate diets (<26% total energy) on various cardiometabolic measures. The remaining results had low to very low certainty of evidence.ConclusionsThe evidence indicated that diet has a multifaceted role in the management of type 2 diabetes. An energy restricted diet can reduce body weight and improve cardiometabolic health. Beyond energy restriction, dietary approaches such as plant based, Mediterranean, low carbohydrate (<26% total energy), or high protein diets, and a higher intake of omega 3 fatty acids can be beneficial for cardiometabolic health in individuals with type 2 diabetes.Systematic review registrationPROSPERO CRD42021252309.

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“…Участь магнію у клітинних процесах. Припускають, що магній відіграє ключову роль в метаболізмі вуглеводів, що може пояснювати його роль при цукровому діабеті 2 типу [6]. Також він має важливе значення для реплікації і підтримки стабільності ДНК, а також приймає участь в транскрипції РНК.…”

Section: Theoretical and Experimental Medicineunclassified

Diagnosis and clinical significance of magnesium deficiency in the body

Bereznyakova

Bereznyakov²,

Zalyubovska

et al. 2023

MTT

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There are three groups of patients with abnormalities of magnesium homoeostasis. The first one include patients with magnesium deficiency (low total body magnesium content) and a resultant hypomagnesaemia (low serum magnesium concentration). Patients with hypomagnesaemia (serum magnesium concentration <0.75 mmol/L) in the absence of magnesium deficiency (i.e., a normal total body magnesium content) consist the second group. The third group include patients with magnesium deficiency (low total body magnesium content) but no evidence of hypomagnesaemia (i.e., a normal serum magnesium concentration). Magnesium deficiency can be caused by decreased magnesium intake from the diet, decreased magnesium absorption, or increased renal magnesium excretion (renal magnesium wasting). The narrative review examines the causes, clinical and laboratory signs of magnesium deficiency in the body, and the effect of magnesium supplementation on health indices. Groups of people who are more likely to suffer from magnesium deficiency are outlined. Emphasis is placed on the use of questionnaires to identify individuals with possible magnesium deficiency. The changes on the electrocardiograms that are characteristic of the initial magnesium deficiency and that occur in case of its increase are given. The effect of additional intake of magnesium salts on blood pressure changes in individuals with and without baseline hypertension is discussed in detail. Factors that make it difficult to assess the relationship between magnesium intake and abnormalities in lipid and carbohydrate metabolism are listed. An association between increased dietary magnesium intake and reduced risk of certain cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, and overall mortality has been demonstrated. Keywords: hypomagnesaemia, blood pressure, diabetes mellitus.

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Association of dietary magnesium intake and glycohemoglobin with mortality risk in diabetic patients

Cited by 6 publications

References 28 publications

Inquiry of the Metabolic Traits in Relationship with Daily Magnesium Intake: Focus on Type 2 Diabetic Population

Inquiry of the Metabolic Traits in Relationship with Daily Magnesium Intake: Focus on Type 2 Diabetic Population

Diet in the management of type 2 diabetes: umbrella review of systematic reviews with meta-analyses of randomised controlled trials

Diagnosis and clinical significance of magnesium deficiency in the body

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