Association of gait with global cognitive function and cognitive domains detected by MoCA-J among community-dwelling older adults: a cross-sectional study

Abstract

Background Gait was proved to be strongly associated with global cognitive function and multiple cognitive domains; however, previous research usually concentrated on individual gait parameters. This study used wearable sensors to measure gait parameters in different aspects and comprehensively explored the association of gait with global cognitive function and cognitive domains. Methods The data of this cross-sectional study were obtained from 236 community-dwelling Japanese older adults (125 men and 111 women) aged 70–81 years. Gait was measured by asking participants to walk a 6-m course and back using the Physilog® sensors (GaiUp®, Switzerland). Global cognitive function and cognitive domains were evaluated by face-to-face interviews using the Japanese version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment. Twenty gait parameters were summarized as independent gait factors using factor analysis. A generalized linear model and linear regression model were used to explore the relationship of gait with global cognitive function and cognitive domains adjusted for several confounding factors. Results Factor analysis yielded four gait factors: general cycle, initial contact, propulsion, and mid-swing. Among them, general cycle factor was significantly associated with global cognitive function (β = − 0.487, [− 0.890, − 0.085]) and executive function (P = 0.049); initial contact was associated with executive function (P = 0.017). Conclusion General cycle of gait might be the better marker of global cognitive function and gait is most strongly associated with executive function. The longitudinal relationships should be examined in future cohort studies.

Prevention of Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction by Minocycline in Elderly Patients after Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Clinical Trial

“…Other studies conducted in Japan, in which the average age of subjects was about 75 yr, showed similar Montreal Cognitive Assessment scores, suggesting that the result reflects old age. 33,34 In this study, since we adopted a diagnostic method for postoperative cognitive dysfunction that has been demonstrated to have excellent sensitivity and specificity in previous studies, 2,14,18 we believe that the relatively low incidence of postoperative cognitive dysfunction after 1 week despite the high percentage (greater than 80%) of patients with preoperative cognitive impairment was not due to a sensitivity issue. Additionally, the incidence of postoperative cognitive dysfunction at 3 months was higher, ranging between 8.5 and 18.4%, depending on the handling of missing data.…”

Association between Caregivers’ Fear of Post-fracture Patients Falling and a Decline in Patients’ Activities

“…All participants in this study received home-visit rehabilitation and showed lower physical and cognitive functions than similarly aged community-dwelling citizens. 32 , 37 , 38 , 39 ) In fact, 89% of participants scored below 26 points on MoCA-J, which is an indicator of cognitive decline. Although this study did not identify a clear relationship between cognitive decline and declines in performance in BADLs and IADLs, the impact of cognitive decline on the functional ability of the elderly is significant.…”

“…Furthermore, the participants of the current study had relatively low levels of physical and cognitive functioning when compared with the total population of community-dwelling elderly citizens, based on previous studies. 32 , 37 , 38 , 39 ) Regarding the ADL measures used in this study, BADLs were assessed using the Barthel Index, and a decline in performance was defined as a BI below 85. 16 ) In contrast, IADLs were assessed using FAI, and a decline in performance was defined as an FAI score lower than 5.…”

“…All participants in this study received home-visit rehabilitation and showed lower physical and cognitive functions than simi- Requiring support 2, requires support with movements such as walking because of instability; Long-term care 1, requires assistance with daily activities such as bathing; Long-term care 2, requires support with movements including the act of standing up; Long-term care 3, cannot walk independently; Long-term care 4, requires assistance with all ADLs; Long-term care 5, completely dependent on care larly aged community-dwelling citizens. 32,[37][38][39] In fact, 89% of participants scored below 26 points on MoCA-J, which is an indicator of cognitive decline. Although this study did not identify a clear relationship between cognitive decline and declines in performance in BADLs and IADLs, the impact of cognitive decline on the functional ability of the elderly is significant.…”